Chap 5
This epithelial characteristic means the tissue lacks blood vessels and receives nutrients by diffusion
What is avascularity?
This outer layer of the skin is made of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and contains no blood vessels.
What is the epidermis?
This type of bone marrow is responsible for producing blood cells.
What is red bone marrow?
This opening in the occipital bone allows the spinal cord to pass from the brain into the vertebral column.
What is the foramen magnum?
This structure located at the metaphysis allows long bones to grow in length during childhood.
What is the epiphyseal plate (growth plate)?
These strong cell junctions act like “snaps on jeans,” holding cells together to resist mechanical stress.
What are desmosomes?
These cells produce the pigment melanin that helps protect the skin from UV radiation.
What are melanocytes?
These bone cells break down bone matrix and release minerals into the blood.
What are osteoclasts?
This bone forms the forehead and contains the supraorbital foramen and frontal sinus.
What is the frontal bone?
These mature cartilage cells are found trapped in spaces called lacunae.
What are chondrocytes?
This type of tissue covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands.
What is epithelial tissue?
This orange-yellow pigment found in foods like carrots can accumulate in the skin and affect its color.
What is carotene?
This is the shaft of a long bone and contains the medullary cavity.
What is the diaphysis?
These cushion-like structures between vertebrae contain a nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus and act as shock absorbers.
What are intervertebral discs?
Humans have this number of pairs of ribs.
What are 12 pairs of ribs?
This thin layer anchors epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue
What is the basement membrane?
This layer of skin lies beneath the epidermis and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.
What is the dermis?
This process replaces cartilage with bone during the formation of most bones in the body.
What is endochondral ossification?
These are the largest facial bones and form the upper jaw and part of the hard palate.
What are the maxillae?
What is the stratum basale?
This deepest layer of the epidermis contains stem cells where mitosis occurs.
These fibers are tough, flexible, and resist stretching, making them the most abundant protein fibers in the body.
What are collagen fibers?
These oil glands secrete sebum to lubricate the skin and hair.
What are sebaceous glands?
This basic structural unit of compact bone contains concentric lamellae around a central canal
What is an osteon (Haversian system)?
This cervical vertebra (C1) supports the head and allows you to nod “yes.”
What is the atlas?
These are the most abundant cells in connective tissue and produce collagen fibers and ground substance.
What are fibroblasts?