Skeleton
The Sella Turcica of the sphenoid bone encloses the ..?
Pituitary Gland
____ of the foot is when the sole is turned medially.
Inversion
Identify the smallest contractile unit (functional unit) of muscle fiber.
Sarcomere
Reduce friction where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together
–Bags of synovial fluid that act as lubricating “ball bearing
Bursae
Which condition develops due to an excess of uric acid uric acid typically affecting the base of the big toe.
Gouty arthritis
Only bone in body that does not articulate directly with another bone
Hyoid bone
What is the most freely moving joint in the body?
Shoulder
In a muscle fiber, the key intracellular event that stimulates muscle contraction is known as________.
Depolarization
Axon terminal (end of axon) and muscle fiber are separated by gel-filled space called
Synaptic cleft
Most common type of arthritis and is usually part of normal aging process
Osteoarthritis (OA)
Identify which region of the spine has the greatest range of movement.
Cervical vertebrae
Which tendon (muscle) is the “superstabilizer” of the shoulder?
Biceps brachii
_______ allows all myofibrils of one muscle fiber to contract in unison.
T tubules
Muscle fiber cannot be stimulated for a specific amount of time, until repolarization is complete
Refractory period
•Head pulled away from capitulum of humerus
•Anular ligament slips into elbow joint, preventing radius from moving back into place
•Occurs almost exclusively in children (usually < 5 years old)
Subluxation of Head of Radius
Identify the function of this bone marking: Xiphoid Process:
Attachment site for muscle or ligament
What joint is affected if the anular ligament slips out of place?
Elbow joint
What is the correct order of the phases of a muscle twitch?
Latent period, period of contraction, period of relaxation
Elongated bursae wrapped completely around tendons subjected to friction
Tendon sheaths
If over-eversion does occur
–Medial malleolus of tibia pulled off
–Force of injury moves talus laterally, putting force on fibula and fracturing it as well
–Deltoid ligament remains intact
Pott’s fracture
The wrist is formed mostly by the ____ and ____.
Scaphoid and Lunate
Which ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee?
Anterior cruciate ligament
What causes muscle fatigue?
Decreased glycogen
Muscle shortens because muscle tension exceeds load
Isotonic contraction
degeneration and loss of mass
–Due to immobilization or loss of neural stimulation
–Can begin almost immediately
•Includes even temporary immobilizations
Disuse atrophy