CH13
A patient can’t close their eye or smile on one side of their face. What condition is likely?
What is Bell’s palsy?
This condition involves excessive vasoconstriction in fingers/toes during cold or stress.
What is Raynaud’s disease?
The part of the ear where sound vibrations are turned into nerve impulses.
What is the cochlea?
Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system can contribute to this chronic condition.
What is hypertension?
This neurotransmitter is released by all autonomic preganglionic neurons.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
The ability to tell where on the body you were touched.
What is spatial discrimination?
Adrenergic receptors respond to these neurotransmitters.
What are norepinephrine and epinephrine?
This nerve helps carry taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
What is the facial nerve (VII)?
This nerve is tested with the corneal reflex.
What is the trigeminal nerve (V)?
This type of reflex is present at birth and involuntary.
What is an intrinsic (inborn) reflex?
In this reflex, one limb flexes while the opposite limb extends.
What is the crossed-extensor reflex?
This type of reflex helps maintain stable blood pressure.
What is a baroreceptor reflex?
Loss of hearing due to damage to hair cells or auditory nerve is called:
What is sensorineural deafness?
Nicotinic agents can be used to treat this addictive behavior.
What is nicotine addiction (or smoking)?
This muscarinic agent can be used to treat glaucoma by promoting pupil constriction.
What is pilocarpine?
Loss of taste and facial movement may indicate damage to this cranial nerve.
What is the facial nerve (VII)?
These receptors are found on parasympathetic target organs and may be excitatory or inhibitory.
What are muscarinic receptors?
This term refers to the height of a sound wave and determines loudness.
What is amplitude?
Order of the reflex arc.
What is: receptor → afferent neuron → integration center → efferent neuron → effector?
This nerve emerges from the lumbar plexus and innervates the anterior thigh.
What is the femoral nerve?
This clinical test evaluates oculomotor nerve function by observing pupil response to light.
What is the pupil light reflex?
These parasympathetic ganglia are found in or near the target organs.
What are terminal (or intramural) ganglia?
This syndrome affects both hearing and balance and includes vertigo and pressure.
What is Meniere’s syndrome?
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are ___, and postganglionic neurons are ___.
What are short; long?
The type of motor loss that results from ventral root damage.
What is motor loss without sensory loss?