miscellaneous
what is a parasite?
The organism lives on or within the host causing some degree of harm.
what makes up the cell wall of fungi
chitin
what is a dermatomycoses?
fungal infection on your body
what are protists cell wall made of?
Trick question. they generally dont have one and also lack true tissues.
Give at least 3 neg impacts of fungus
Pathogenic (Mycoses)
May be community-acquired, nosocomial or opportunistic infection
Most human fungal infection occurs through accidental contact with soil, water,
or dust
Allergies
Neurological conditions due to toxins (aflatoxin)
Agriculture
Corn, grain, fruit crops
explain meiosis
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number
of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells with only one copy of
each chromosome.
define mycelium
vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of hyphae
malassezia furfur common name
pityriasis/tinea versicolor
How do protists acquire nutrients?
Most are chemoheterotrophic. A few absorb nutrients from the surrounding water, and a few are photosynthetic.
define pseudohyphae
chains of yeast
How is schizogony different from mitosis and meiosis?
Multiple mitoses w/o cytokinesis
how do fungi asexually reproduce
Mitosis, Budding, Fragmentation
this fungal caused disease is a big concern to immunocompromised/AIDS patients.
Sx- non-productive cough, difficulty breathing, fever (pneumonia
like)
Pneumocystis (PCP)
What is the general life cycle of a protist?
trophozoite and cyst form
what is lichen?
Mutualistic symbiosis between fungus & cyanobacterium or algae
Alga produces & secretes carbohydrates; fungus provides holdfast
explain mitosis
Mitosis - is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell
division
name 3 diseases causes by candida albicans
Thrush
Vaginitis
Diarrhea
This disease has a mode of transmission of inhalation of spores or dried yeast in bird droppings
Opportunistic infection
cryptococcosis
explain how they reproduce
Asexual methods, usually mitosis
Schizogony- Multiple mitoses without cytokinesis
Schizont Merozoites
Ex: Plasmodium spp.
Some reproduce by multiple fission
Sexual reproduction also occurs
Conjugation
what is Mycorrhizae?
symbiosis between fungi & roots of most plants
fungus provides plants w/ inorganic nutrients & plant provides fungus w/ organic
nutrients
What are the 3 types of hosts for parasites
Definitive – have mature form that is reproducing
Intermediate – parasite in other stage of development
Reservoir – the natural host or habitat of a pathogen
explain the sexual cycle for fungi
Sexual cycle – three phases
o Plasmogamy
Haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (–)
o Karyogamy
+ and – nuclei fuse
o Meiosis
o Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)
this disease resists phagocytosis due to capsule and theres three main forms
Cryptococcal meningitis – spread to CNS, most common clinical form
o Cryptococcoma – rare, solid fungal mass
o Cutaneous cryptococcosis – lesions or inflamed subcutaneous tissue
Give me three facts about karenia brevis
Potent neurotoxin (brevetoxin)
Paralytic shellfish poisoning
Respiratory/skin irritation
For fungal asexual reproduction, what is the difference between fragmentation, budding, and mitosis?
look in your notes for the answer