Terminology
living things / organisms that are so small, can only be seen through a microscope. includes bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite
what is a microorganism?
the first line of defense, creates physical barrier between inner structures of the body and the outside environment. releases enzymes when harmed
what is skin?
Cellular and chemical response in which the body distinguishes between its own tissues and antigens.
what is the immune response?
when pathogens become suspended and move in the air, they can transmit the infection to the host by cough, sneeze, talk, laugh, sing, or spit.
what is airborne transmission?
Infection prevention and control practices to prevent the spread of disease.
what is standard precautions?
absence of disease causing microbes and pathogens
what is aseptic?
useful microorganisms that do not cause disease
what is normal flora?
created to prevent or reduce the severity of the disease
what is a vaccine?
occurs through physical contact with infected being
what is contact transmission?
Used for patients who are known or suspected to be infected with specific pathogens
transmission based precautions?
infection acquired at hospital / healthcare facility
what is nosocomial infection or healthcare associated infection?
rinses pathogens out of the urinary tract
what is the urethra?
Digest and destroy microorganisms and other unwanted substances.
what is white blood cells?
spread of infection through an inanimate object/medium
what is vehicle transmission?
prevents spread of and kill as many microorganisms and slows growth as possible of those that cannot be destroyed
what is disinfection?
disease causing germs that live in the human blood
what is a bloodborne pathogen?
susceptible host, pathogen, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry
what is the chain of infection?
introduce a weakened antigen so that the body can develop antibodies specific to the antigen.
How do vaccines work?
occurs through contact with infected blood / body fluids, like needle sticks, transfusions, sharing contaminated needles
bloodborne transmission
Process used whenever contagious material (including blood and body fluids) is to be transported.Inner bag is tied and placed into an outer bag which is also secured before disposal.
what is double bagging?
exposure to fire, heat, extreme cold, chemicals that cause damage to skin and underlying tissues
what is an exposure incident?
signals white blood cells to travel to injured areas of body and attack toxins
what is the inflammatory response?
A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies
what are antigens?
transmission through bite/sting of infected bug like mosquito, ticks, fleas
what is vector transmission
separates and restricts movement of people with communicable disease; prevents disease spread
what is quarantine?