The Opium Problem
British import from China created a large trade imbalance.
tea
The conflict that ended with the Treaty of Nanjing.
Opium Wars
Phrase Chinese used to describe treaties that favored foreign powers.
unequal treaties
Major internal conflict from 1850–1864 in China
Taiping Rebellion
The organization that took control in India after the Mughal decline
British East India Company
Product Britain export from British India to China to balance trade.
Opium
The number of ports China was forced to open to British trade.
five ports
European powers that demanded the same privileges as Britain.
France, Germany, Russia
Stated goal of the Taiping Rebellion
Overthrow the Qing Dynasty
Economic effect of British East India Company rule on local Indian industry
local textiles ruined
Social and economic harm caused by opium in China
Widespread addiction harming families and draining the economy
Territory ceded to Britain under the treaty
Hong Kong
Foreign powers created in China by the late 1800s that controlled trade and investment.
Spheres of influence
Cause that contributed to the Taiping Rebellion
foreign control, poverty, and frustration
Cause that sparked the 1857 uprising (Sepoy Rebellion) related to cartridges.
Enfield cartridge controversy (rumored use of cow/pig fat)
The action the Qing government took against the opium trade.
Banning opium and seizing shipments
One major financial obligation China had to pay under the treaty.
indemnities
One result for China of being divided into spheres of influence.
Loss of control over trade/investment and growing foreign dominance
Effect of the Taiping Rebellion showed how weakened China had become
Massive destruction and revealing the Qing’s weakness
Outcome of the 1857 uprising leading to a change in governance in 1858.
End of Company rule and start of British Crown rule/colonization (British Raj)
Where was the opium that Britain exported to China grown?
British India or territories controlled by the British East India Company
Legal privilege allowing foreigners in China to live under their own country's laws.
extraterritoriality or exterritorial rights
U.S. policy that promoted equal access to trade for all nations.
Open Door Policy
Name Taiping rebels gave to the new state they wanted to create
Heavenly Kingdom
Result of British Raj policies.
infrastructure built to serve British interests and political effects
increased Indian nationalism