Vocabulary
Gives money to a business hoping to earn more money in return
Investor
Spain conquered and settled the Americas for several reasons. Name 1 reason:
-To gain wealth and power
-Persuade native peoples to accept the Catholic faith
What was the name of the Queen who hoped to establish an English colony in North America?
Queen Elizabeth
Jamestown settlers had hoped to find riches in North America or to earn money from products sent back to England, but they had a more important goal, what was it?
Freedom to practice their religion.
French began exploring the Americas, Jacques Cartier made two trips to what is now Canada. On his 3rd voyage he found gold and diamonds. He took the great treasures, went on his ship, and returned to France. Why was Cartier fooled?
The gold and diamonds he found in America were worthless rocks.
A crop raised for sale, not for use by the people who farm it.
Crash crop
Enslaved Native Americans did most of the hard mining work, but the Spanish benefited from selling the gold and silver. True or False
True
Raleigh sent settlers to Roanoke Island in attempt to set up a North American colony. Describe what happened when the settlers arrived.
-Colonists depended on local Native Americans for food
- Colonists experience a drought and many starved
- The survivors returned to England
A group of people who want to separate or break off from the church of England are called?
Separatists
Animals furs were valuable and greatly prized in Europe. Beaver and other furs were mainly to make popular hats.
A person who goes on a religious journey
Pilgrim
Native Americans, along with enslaved people brought from Africa, ranked lowest in the colony's class structure. Who were the most powerful people in New Spain?
Spaniards born in Spain, known as Peninsulares
What did John White, the colonys leader find when he arrived to Roanoke in 1590?
No settlers could be found! John White never found the missing colonists. Roanoke settlement became known as the Last Colony.
Why did the Pilgrims write the Mayflower Compact?
The Pilgrims decided that they needed a strong and fair government. Group promised to work together. "Just and equal laws"
What did Henry Hudson (English sailor) discover?
Found the Hudson River, found a rich fur-trading area.
Someone who agrees to work without pay for someone else for a set time.
Indentured Servant
Why did Spanish explorers try many times to establish settlements in Florida?
-Bad weather
-Conflict with Native Americans
King James became interested in setting up an English colony. Why did King James start the Virginia Company?
King James organized the Virginia Company in order to finance three ships to take settlers to Virginia. In order to fund the project, the Virginia Company invited investors to buy shares, or part ownership of the company.
Why was the first winter at Plymouth dreadful for the Pilgrims?
The Pilgrims suffered from hunger, cold, and disease. Half of the Pilgrims died.
A Dutch company ran the colony. Shareholders and settlers all hoped the colony would make them rich. True or False
True
business of buying and selling goods
Commerce
Describe the relationship between Spaniards and Native Americans
-Sometimes they worked peacefully together
-Contact with the Spaniards harmed Native Americans (disease, harsh treatment, died of overwork)
What conditions did the colonists experience at Jamestown?
-unhealthy location
-unfit water to drink
-mosquitoes attacked from nearby swamps
-many colonists died from diseases carried by the insects
What were the beliefs of the Purtians? Name 2.
-Practice their religion freely
- Everyone had to go to church services
-Rule breakers were punished or even put to death
-Believed in education
-All colonists should be able to read the Bible
Explain the population of New Netherland.
By the mid-1660s, 9,000 people lived there. Many were not Dutch. There were settlers from Germany, Sweden, Denmark, and elsewhere. There were also many enslaved Africans forced to work in the colony. More than 18 different languages were spoken there.