Lessons 3 & 4 Review (TOPIC 4 Plate Tectonics)

Test

100

The force that acts upon rock to change its shape or volume is known as:

stress

200

A dead or ______ volcano, poses little threat. 

extinct

300

P waves are also known as:

Primary waves

400

What type of damage can a tsunami cause?

• Injury/death
• Freshwater areas can fill with saltwater- impacts plants, animals, crops
• Contamination due to debris

500

A break in the rock of Earth's crust or mantle is known as a:

fault

is

100

What does the term "tsunami" mean?

big wave or harbor wave

200

Once magma reaches the surface it becomes known as:

lava

300

This type of stress pulls on Earth's crust making it thinner and thinner:

tension

400

Which travel faster: 

P waves or S waves?

P waves

500

Magma is also known as:

molten (melted) rock

Friday

100

Reminder: Be sure to review your volcano parts diagram in notes :) 

side vent, central vent, pipe, crater, magma chamber

200

Secondary waves are known as:

S waves

300

Some of an earthquake's energy is released as these types of waves:

seismic

400

A _____ volcano is also known as a sleeping volcano. It poses little threat but with the potential to "wake up" 

dormant

500

How does an earthquake form?

Stress builds up in Earth's plates and releases a lot of energy

March

100

How can someone stay safe during a tsunami?

• Get as high and as far away as possible
• Pay attention to warnings/watch alerts
• Have an evacuation plan

200

How is a tsunami produced?

by an earthquake that occurs underwater

300

The size of an earthquake can be determined by measuring the ______ or height of a wave. 

amplitude

400

This type of stress happens when rock gets pushed in opposite directions causing it to break or bend.

compression

500

What does a seismograph measure?

measures the waves produced by earthquakes

17th

100

It what way could a volcano impact one of Earth's spheres? Can be positive or negative.

Some examples:

HYDROSPHERE: (-) The heat of the lava could raise the temperature of water nearby which might hurt organisms living in the water. 

(+) Lava could block a flowing river and cause a lake to form over time which could be useful to local people

BIOSPHERE: (-) The ash, lava, cinders could impact habitats, causing animals/plants (living things) to suffer. 

(+) New plant growth could begin, new species, etc.

ATMOSPHERE: (-) Gases escaping from volcano could put harmful things into the air.

GEOSPHERE: (+) New landforms could be created over time due to lava impact

200

_____ can travel through Earth and can also change direction and speed.

seismic waves

300

Volcanic eruptions can occur:

on land or at bottom of ocean

400

What are some details you can give about explosive eruptions?

* Pipe pressure builds up

* Trapped gases escape very fast

* Ash, lava, cinders, and other debris are shot out into atmosphere

500

What is ONE way a volcanologist can predict hazards of volcanoes? 

• Use tools to measure gas emissions 
• Check for sulfur dioxide which can tell us if eruption is coming 
• Use a seismograph to measure rumblings/movement in crust or mantle
• Use a tiltmeter that measures slope of volcano (if tilt increases = likely to erupt...eeeekkk!)