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Igneous Rock Formation
Igneous Stuff
Mineral Composition
Don't take it for granite!
Iggy Igneous
100
forms when lava or magma cools and minerals crystallize
What are igneous rocks?
100
magma that flows out onto Earth's surface
What is lava?
100
When magma cools and crystallizes below Earth's surface these type of igneous rocks form
What is intrusive rocks?
100
Refers to the size, shape and distribution of the crystals or grains that make up a rock
What is texture?
100
Lava cools so fast that no crystals form at all and this is formed
What is volcanic glass?
200
This generally increases with depth in Earth's crust and is called the geothermal gradient
What is temperature?
200
temperature, pressure, water content, mineral content effect the formation of...
What is the 4 factors involved in the formation of magma?
200
Magma that cools and crystallizes above Earth's surface forms these type of igneous rocks
What is extrusive rocks?
200
Lava cooled slowly and formed what size crystals
What is large crystals?
200
Veins of extremely large grained minerals
What is pegmatites?
300
This increases with depth because of the weight of overlying rock
What is pressure?
300
a table that shows that minerals form in predictable patterns as magma cools and crystallizes.
What is Bowen's Reaction Series?
300
These type of igneous rocks are dark in color and have low silica contents.
What is mafic or basaltic rocks?
300
Lava cooled quickly and this size crystals formed
What is small crystals?
300
Diamonds are found in this rare, ultramafic rock
What is kimberlite?
400
As this increases, the melting point of the rocks decrease.
What is water content?
400
Iron rich minerals are located here on Bowen's Reaction Series
What is on the left side?
400
These igneous rocks are light in color, have high silica contents and contain a lot of quartz.
What is felsic or granitic rocks?
400
A rock that started to cool slowly, but all of the sudden cooled quickly
What is porphyritic?
400
The country where kimberlite intrusions are very abundunt.
What is South Africa?
500
The process where some minerals melt at relatively low temperatures, while other minerals remain solid.
What is partial melting?
500
The first minerals that crystallize from magma are the last minerals that melted during partial melting
What is fractional crystallization?
500
Rocks between mafic and felsic or between basaltic and granitic.
What is intermediate?
500
spongy texture left behind by gas bubbles
What is vesicular?
500
interlocking grain textures, resistance to weathering, durability and beauty are all reasons for...
Why igneous rocks are useful building materials?