Name
This is a term used to describe a group of malignant disorder affecting the blood and blood forming tissues of the bone marrow, lymph system, and spleen.
What is Leukemia
Name the four major types of leukemia
What is Acute Lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Fatigue, weakness, headache, anemia , mouth sores, sternal tenderness, minimal hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy
What is AML (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia)
Primary methods of diagnosing and classifying the subtypes of leukemia
What is peripheral blood evaluation and bone marrow examination
What is the primary goal for collaborative care?
Obtain remission
Characterize by clonal proliferation of immature hematopoietic cells
A) Acute Leukemia
B) Chronic Leukemia
What is Acute Leukemia
Its onset is often abrupt and dramatic, cause serious infection and bleeding, characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts, and causes bone marrow hyperplasia
What is AML (acute myelogenous leukemia)
Fever, pallor,fatigue, bleeding, bone, joint and abdominal pain, generalized lymphadenopathy, infections, CNS involvement (lethargy, N/V, cranial nerve dysfunction)
What is ALL (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia)
It detects the presence of leukemic cells outside of the blood and bone marrow
What is Lumbar puncture and CT scan
List 3 risk factors for Leukemia
-smoking
-exposure to high levels of radiation
-chemical exposure
-previous cancer treatment
-men (in CML, CLL, AML)
-Genetic disease
-age
Involves more mature forms of WBC, and the disease onset is more gradual
A) Acute Leukemia
B) Chronic Leukemia
What is Chronic Leukemia
Most common type of leukemia in children, immature lymphocytes proliferate the bone marrow (most are B-cell origin). Most pt present with fever at time of diagnosis
What is Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
asymptomatic in early stage, fatigue and weakness, weight loss, bone and joint pain, massive splenomegaly, diaphoresis.
What is CML (Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia)
The mainstay treatment for leukemia that involves cellular kinetics, use of multiple drugs.
What is Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
Which information noted by the nurse reviewing the laboratory results of a patient who is receiving chemotherapy is most important to report to the health care provider?
a) Hemoglobin of 10g/L
b) WBC count of 1700/ul
c) Platelets of 65,000/ul
d) Serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dl
b) Neutropenia places a patient at risk for severe infection
this serves as a disease marker and results from translocation of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22
What is Philadelphia chromosome
Is caused by excessive development of mature neoplastic granulocytes in the bone marrow which migrate and ultimately infiltrate the liver and spleen. Its blastic phase (acute and aggressive) follows a chronic stable phase.
What is CML (Chronic Myelogeneous Leukemia)
frequently has no symptoms, disease is detected through physical exam, may have fever, night sweat, weight loss fatigue and frequent infections
What is CLL (Chronic Lymphocyitc Leukemia)
Nursing considerations related to the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs include which of the following?
a) Anaphylaxis cannot occur, since the drugs are considered toxic to normal cells
b) Infiltration will not occur unless superficial veins are used for the intravenous infusion
c) Many chemotherapeutic agents are vesicants that can cause severe cellular damage if drug infiltates
d) Good hand washing is essential when handling chemotherapeutic drugs, but gloves are not necessary
C) Chemotherapeutic agents can be extremely damaging to cells.
The nurse gave a pt all his filgrastim (Neupogen) meds to improve the number and function of neutrophils.This patient has
What is neutropenia?
Its goal is to totally eliminate leukemic cells from the body using combinations of chemotherapy with or without total body irradiation
What is HSCT (hematopoietic stem cell transplantation).
characterize by production and accumulation of functionally inactive but long-lived small mature-appearing lymphocytes (mainly B-cells), causes lymphadenopathy and increase infection, and is more common in adults.
What is CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia)
Its B-cell is considered to be identical to the mature-cell small-lymphocytic lymphoma (type of non-hodgkin's lymphoma), small percentage have Richter's syndrome (large B-cell non-hodgkin's), can cause pain and paralysis from pressure on nerves and even pulmonary symtoms
What is CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia)
Acronym for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CLL, Crushed Little Lymphocyte
The patient stated he feels sick and does not want to take his medication. the nurse should explain to the patient that the chemotherapy medication cause the disease to
What is go in remission