(Reduced) Adverb Clauses
Noun Clauses/Reported Speech
(Reduced) Adjective Clauses
Conditionals
Surprise!
100
TOPIC: Ms. Martin is scared of spiders! She saw one yesterday and screamed!
After having
After having seen a spider, Ms. Martin screamed.
100
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
It is annoying that
It is annoying that the teachers give too much homework!
It is annoying that there are so many tests/projects at the same time!
100
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
, when
At 3:00, when we have WR class, I am always tired.
I can't wait for the bell to ring at 4:30, when class is over!
100
THEME: Eating healthy/losing weight
...could have....if....
I could have lost more weight if I had learned to cook.
I could have eaten healthier if I had cooked today.
100
THEME: Japan's population decline
must have been
Many men must have been frustrated about not finding a wife.
Many schools must have been shut down due to the lack of students.
200
TOPIC: Ms. Martin is scared of spiders! Why does she live in a country with large spiders!?
despite
Despite being scared of spiders, Ms. Martin lives in Japan.
Ms. Martin lives in Japan despite the fact that she is afraid of spiders.
200
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
What makes me worried
What makes me worried is the final grammar test.
What makes me worried is what my final grade will be.
200
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
One of the WR 2.2A teachers,
One of the WR 2.2A teachers, Ms. Martin, is from Texas.
One of the WR 2.2A teachers, Chris, is in America right now.
One of the WR 2.2A teachers, Michael, is from Philadelphia.
200
THEME: Eating healthy/losing weight
Only if
Only if you exercise and eat healthily will you lose weight.
200
THEME: Japan's population decline
make women
The Japanese government doesn't make women have children.
The Japanese government doesn't make women stop working if they have children.
300
TOPIC: Ms. Martin is scared of spiders! When she cleans her apartment, she checks for spiders behind furniture.
Cleaning
Cleaning her apartment, Ms. Martin checks for spiders.
300
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
"Upload your answers to Canvas," said Ms. Martin.
Ms. Martin told us to upload our answers to Canvas.
Ms. Martin told us that we must upload our answers to Canvas.
300
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
, both of whom
Ms. Martin and Ms. Geary, both of whom are UNT teachers, are a lot of fun!
My favorite teachers are Ms. Martin and Ms. Geary, both of whom are from Texas.
300
THEME: Eating healthy/losing weight
If McDonald's weren't
If McDonald's weren't on campus, the students would eat healthier lunches.
If McDonald's were farther away, students wouldn't eat there for lunch.
300
THEME: Japan's population decline
, for example,
Japan has many problems due to its declining population. Elderly people, for example, do not have adequate care.
400
TOPIC: Ms. Martin is scared of spiders!
Scared of spiders,
Scared of spiders, Ms. Martin avoids them!
Scared of spiders, Ms. Martin doesn't go into the woods at night.
400
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
Ms. Martin told students that
Ms. Martin told students that they must turn their research papers in on time.
400
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
,where
Room 7209, where CA 3 has class, is on the second floor.
The students all go to Building 7, where they have WR and CM classes.
400
THEME: Eating healthy/losing weight
If 7-11 had
If 7-11 had not been at KGU, the students would have not had a place to buy lunch.
If 7-11 had been out of coffee, Ms. Martin would have cried.
400
THEME: Japan's population decline
Not only...,but also
Not only has Japan's population been declining, but also the number of elderly citizens has been increasing.
500
TOPIC: Ms. Martin is scared of spiders! She doesn't want to see them anywhere. She avoids outdoor activities where there may be a lot of spiders.
so that
Ms. Martin doesn't go camping so that she can avoid spiders.
Ms. Martin avoids sitting on the ground so that a spider won't crawl on her.
500
"Where is Chris?" asked Ms. Martin.
Ms. Martin asked
Ms. Martin asked where Chris was.
500
THEME: Students and teachers in WR/CM/JM 2.2
, a hardworking student,
Chika, a hardworking student, is excited about her research paper.
Masatake, a hardworking student, always does extra homework.
500
THEME: Eating healthily/losing weight
unless
Unless you eat healthily and exercise, you will never lose weight.
You will never lose weight unless you avoid fast food restaurants.
500
THEME: Japan's population decline
otherwise
Japan must increase its population. Otherwise, it will have serious economic problems.