Activity/Rest
A grating sensation when irregular cartilage rub together during passive ROM
What is crepitus?
What type of neurovascular assessments would the nurse evaluate a patient with a new cast?
5 Ps -
1Pain 2Paralysis
3Pallor
4Pulses
5Paresthesias
What you would do for an ankle sprain.
4 things
What is R. I. C.E.?
Rest, ice, compress, elevate
Bulls eye rash
What is an early sign of Lyme's disease?
Gout
What do you need to teach your patient?
How does it present?
TX? ( pain meds, colchicine, allopurinol)
Production of blood cells in red marrow
Hematopoeisis
Pain, swelling, immobility,
external rotation, shortening.
Neurovascular compromise
What is can happen with joint replacement surgery?
Extra thought:
What do you need to teach your pt for prevention?
Anti-Epileptics(Neurontin/Gabapentin) or Beta blockers .
What are some of the medications are used for someone complaining of phantom limb pain w an amputation?
Weakness, fatigue, butterfly rash, fever, possible organ involvement like the kidneys
What is Systemic lupus erthyematousus?
SLE
Long-term antibiotic therapy(months)
Pain medications
Surgery
How is osteomyelitis treated?
Diagnosis is confirmed by MRI, CT, and bone biopsy and scan (to pinpoint involvement).
Usually happens with a complicated fracture, trauma, direct assault on bone or prolonged soft tissue infection near the fracture.
Review tx, S/S
Best diagnostic tool for definitive dx of osteoporosis.
Non-invasive
What is a DEXA or bone density scan?
Seen usually in children, its not a full break of the bone. 2nd part
A fracture that punctures the skin and is in many fragments.
What is a greenstick fracture?
What is an open communited fracture?
Assessment of Fat embolism.
What do you see first
Definitive sign
What is SOB, tachycardia, restlessness, usually from a long bone fracture or large bone?
May have petechial rash. Treatment is the management of symptoms and supportive care. Can produce multi organ failure. It is an EMERGENCY.
EXCELLENT assessment skills needed.
Medical management of Srojgrens syndrome
What is artificial tears, increase fluid intake saliva substitutes, good dental and oral hygiene, NSAIDS, Steroids?
What are risk factors for osteoporosis?
Woman
family hx, over the age of 40, Low Ca intake or poor nutritional intake.
hx of smoking or etoh Lack of physical activity
consumption of excess caffeine and soda
Hx of gastric bypass a post menopausal woman
Medications like steroids used over a prolonged pd of time.
Prevention for older adults for musculoskeletal problems
What are: non skid shoes, regular exercise, nutritional diet, handrails in bathroom, do not use throw rugs, use of ramps instead of stairs etc...?
A patient has a new fracture, what is one of your first assessments?
What is Assess the circulation in the distal extremities?
NEUROVASCULAR!
Pain that is unrelieved with analgesics or elevation, extra swelling at fracture site/cast, Paralysis, possible pallor that begins to cut off circulation(pulselessness).
What is compartment syndrome?
Notify physician immediately!
In this terminal disease, you would expect to find an increased sedimentation rate, anemia, increased serum CA and Bence Jones protein.
What is Multiple Myeloma?
Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis
The "dronates"
alendronate, ibandronate, risedronate, pamidronate
Look this up pg 447 in your ATI book :)
Common dx tests for musculoskeletal problems and their indications
Its in your ppt from the first day
Bucks Traction
Look it up and Review :)
Seen in body casts/brace
Could be new onset vomiting
small bowel obstruction- ischemia or necrosis of GI tract
pain in abdomen
Compression of the superior mesenteric artery at the duodenum
What is cast syndrome?
The limited symptoms of scleroderma are referred to as CREST.
What does it stand for?
What is Calcinosis-Ca deposits in skin
Raynaud's Phenomenon- spasms of blood vessels usually in hands
Esophageal dysfunction-acid reflux
Sclerodactyly-thickening and tightening of skin
Telangictasis- dilation of capillaries causing red marks on the surface of the skin?
The differences between OA/RA
Look this one up too, it will help you remember. :)
Make a comparison list.