Knowledge
Understanding
Application
HOTS
100

What is the origin of the word "liberalism"?

The Latin word Liberalis, meaning "freeman".

100

Explain the meaning of a classless society in communism.

A society where there are no economic or social divisions and all individuals have equal access to resources.

100

In a labor union strike, workers demand profit-sharing and ownership stakes. Which ideology does this align with and why?

Communism, as it advocates for common ownership of production.

100

Case Study:
Kerala, India has successfully implemented universal healthcare and education while maintaining democratic governance and civil liberties.

Question:
Which ideology does this model best represent?

Modern liberalism promotes both individual freedoms and state-led welfare policies. Kerala reflects this balance by ensuring both democratic rights and socio-economic support.

200

Which two ideologies emphasize equality, but differ in their means of achieving it?

Liberalism and Communism.

200

What is meant by 'alienation' in Marxist theory?

A feeling of disconnection from labor, others, and self, caused by capitalist exploitation.

200

A startup allows employees to co-own the company and vote on major decisions. What aspect of Marxist thought is reflected here?

Elements of a classless and participatory (stateless) system.

200

In the United States, citizens enjoy freedom of speech and the right to vote. However, many face homelessness, unaffordable healthcare, and unequal education due to economic disparity.

Question:
Which ideology would critique this system for offering political freedom without economic justice?

 

communism 

300

What philosophical concept combines scientific materialism and Hegelian dialectics?

Dialectical Materialism.

300

In liberalism, why must government be constitutional?

To limit the power of the state and ensure it governs according to laws protecting individual freedom.

300

A democratic state enforces universal basic income, nationalizes major industries, but still maintains electoral democracy. Is this liberal, communist, or a hybrid? Justify.

A hybrid; it combines liberal democratic structures with socialist economic policies.

300

Scenario:
During a strike, workers demand the right to co-own factories and manage decision-making processes, challenging the owners’ profit-first mindset.

Question:
Which Communist feature does this reflect?

Class Struggle
Communism views history as driven by conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat over control of production and power.

400

Which economic crisis, according to Marx, would awaken class consciousness among the proletariat?

The recurring crises of capitalism such as recessions and depressions.

400

How does communism view private property?

As a source of inequality and exploitation; it should be replaced with common ownership.

400

How do classical and modern liberalism differ in their view of the state's role?

Classical liberalism prefers minimal interference; modern liberalism supports active welfare measures.

400

Scenario:
A rural commune is formed where there are no private property rights, no formal government, and all decisions are made collectively. Resources are shared equally.

Question:
Which two features of Communism are realized here?

Stateless and Classless Society?
Marx envisioned a society with no central government or social classes, where all members participate equally in decision-making and resource sharing.

500

What is the political transition period between capitalism and communism called according to Marx?

The dictatorship of the proletariat.

500

How do liberal and communist ideologies differ in their vision of the future state?

Liberalism envisions a constitutional state with individual rights; communism envisions a stateless, classless society.

500

Ravi works in a car factory doing repetitive tasks and feels disconnected from his work and coworkers. According to Marx, what concept explains this feeling? Define it

Alienation. A feeling of disconnection from labor, others, and self, caused by capitalist exploitation.

500

Scenario:
In Country A, citizens have the right to speak freely, practice their religion, and express their views online—even against the government. These rights are protected by law.

Question:
Which feature of Liberalism does this best demonstrate?

Support for Human Rights and Freedom?
Liberalism defends freedom of speech, religion, and expression as fundamental individual rights.