Mitosis
What is the main purpose of mitosis?
To produce two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.
What is the primary outcome of meiosis?
To produce gametes with half the chromosome number.
What is the primary function of the testes?
To produce sperm and hormones like testosterone
What is the main role of the ovaries?
To produce eggs (ova) and hormones like estrogen and progesterone
What occurs during fertilization?
The sperm and egg unite to form a zygote
What is the difference between the number of chromosomes in the parent cell and the daughter cells after mitosis?
The number of chromosomes remains the same.
According to this picture, how many human female egg cells are viable at the final stage of meiosis?
one
What process, also present in female reproduction, is responsible for the production of sperm?
meiosis
What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
To transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and where fertilization typically occurs.
Using the picture, identify when the organism has a complete set of chromosomes.
B
A brain cell of an organism contains 10 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be in the heart cell of this organism's offspring?
10 chromosomes
A male has 22 chromosomes in his blood cells. How many chromosomes will be in his gametes?
eleven.
What hormone is responsible for the production of male gametes?
Testosterone.
Estrogen and progesterone.
Using the picture, identify when the organism's cells begin to differentiate.
E
Cell differentiation is when a cell's genes are "turned on" to be made into specific parts of the body (a liver, skin, hair, specific hormones, etc.)
Compare the chromosome number of a gamete to that of a somatic cell.
Gametes have half the chromosome number compared to somatic cells.
A male gamete contains 15 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be in the zygote?
The picture shows a female eye cell and its chromosomes. Draw or describe what the gamete will look like.
The gamete will have half the number of chromosomes.
Describe the role of the placenta during pregnancy.
It provides nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus and removes waste
Explain how errors in mitosis can lead to conditions like cancer.
Errors can cause uncontrolled cell division, leading to tumor formation
Discuss the significance of meiosis in sexual reproduction.
It ensures genetic diversity and maintains chromosome number across generations.
Describe one issue a male could encounter that would result in infertility.
Low testosterone levels, damage to the vas deferens (the tube the sperm travels from the testes), low sperm count.
Identify one way an issue in the female reproductive system could result in infertility.
The fallopian tube(s) might be damaged, the ovaries could be damaged, estrogen and/or progesterone levels may be too low, the uterus wall may not be thick enough.
Explain the importance of cell differentiation during development.
It allows cells to specialize for specific functions, forming different tissues and organs.