The Crusades Begin
Saying what is false, as in court, when under oath to tell only what is true.
What is perjury?
Taking monastic vows made these knights different from other knights.
Who were Knights Templar and Knights Hospitaller?
The name of the battle fought in 1212 at which the Christian kings of the Iberian Peninsula defeated the Almohads.
What was the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa?
This Crusades ended with a truce that allowed Muslims to remain in control of Jerusalem & Christians were allowed access to the holy places there.
What was the Third Crusade?
One who seizes power or authority without any rights to them.
What is an usurper?
The sultan whose conquest of Jerusalem in 1187 led to the Third Crusade.
Who was Saladin?
Against this heretical group in Languedoc, Pope Innocent III called a crusade.
What was Albigenses or Cathars?
The wandering preacher who inspired the Peasants Crusade.
Who was Peter the Hermit?
A king or ruler of the Turks.
What is a Sultan?
Christian king that defeated Saladin in the Third Crusade.
Who was Richard the lion-heart?
These people believed the good god created only the soul.
Who were the Albigenses or Cathars?
The abbot & religious leader of Europe who preached the Second Crusade.
Who was St. Bernard of Clairvaux?
The name of the Muslim people whose conquests in Arab Muslim lands caused Pope Urban II to call the First Crusade.
Who were the Seljuk Turks?
This event in the Fourth Crusade widened the split between the Church of Constantinople and the Catholic Church.
What was the capture, pillage, and looting Constantinople?
This Crusade was able to accomplish the capturing of Jerusalem & established Christian crusader kingdoms in Palestine & Syria.
What was the First Crusade?
These people believed in two gods: one good & one evil.
Who were the Albigenses or Cathars?
The month and year the forces of the First Crusade captured Jerusalem.
What is July 1099?
The year the pope excommunicated Patriarch Michael Kerullarios of Constantinople and Michael excommunicated the pope.
When was 1054?
These people resented the rule of the western Christians in the Holy Land because they were treated like 2nd class citizens and they were forced to pay high taxes.
Who were the Native Palestinians?
This pope established the medieval inquisition to crush the Albigensian heresy and to replace violence with rule of law.
Who was Pope Gregory IX?