Definitions
How language use is regulated in multilingual families.
Family Language Planning (FLP)
Spanish, French, German, & Chinese being offered in US middle & high schools; programs like CLS or the Boren Scholarship which promote learning critical languages.
Acquisition Planning
Promoted Language
A language that lacks any official status but is used by institutions for specific purposes.
Name all 4 aspects of Language Planning.
1. Selection of Norm, 2. Codification of Form, 3. Elaboration of Function, 4. Acceptance by Community
What is the Whorfian Hypothesis?
The theory that the language a person speaks influences how they think and perceive the world.
Language Planning which focuses on the teaching and learning of a language
Acquisition Planning
The introduction of the Swedish gender-neutral pronoun is an example of...
Feminist Language Planning
New Speaker
Competent speakers who did not acquire the language through intergenerational transmission.
List the 6 types of Language Statuses.
Sole Official, Shared Official, Regional Official, Promoted, Tolerated, Discouraged
What is the most linguistically diverse country in the world?
Phase of LPP focused on how LPP affects society, politics, and economics (consequences).
Phase 2
Speakers of minority languages are denied use in educating their children
Status Planning
Language Policy
Legal efforts intended to support language planning.
What are the shaping factors of LPP?
Macro-sociopolitical, Epistemological, & Strategy
Who said the quote, "A language is a dialect with an Army and a Navy?"
Max Weinreich
A type of Language Planning which focuses on changing the position of a language in a particular society
Status Planning
Russification--the spread of Russian throughout the Soviet Union, & Monolingualism in France
LPP and Nationalization
Language Ideologies
Ideas about languages regarding society; often unconscious ideas about the values of certain ways of speaking.
Give an example of how each of these affect language usage and change: LPP vs. Individual speaker choices, vs. Corporate influence
(i'm not filling this one in bc there's a lot of options for each lol)
How many official languages does Singapore have?
4! They are: English, Mandarin, Malay, Tamil
A type of Language Planning which involves the selection and codification of language norms
Corpus Planning
Kenya declaring Swahili an official language; promotion of Hindi in the Devanagari script
LPP in post-and neo-colonial contexts
Graphization
The process of developing a writing system for a language, including the selection of graphic signs and the establishment of orthographic conventions
Describe the 3 phases of LPP.
Phase 1: Decolonization, Structuralism, Pragmatism
Phase 2: Failure of Modernization, Critical Sociolinguistics, Access
Phase 3: "New World Order," Postmodernism, Linguistic Human Rights
What are the official Languages of Belgium?
French, German, Dutch