Language Acquisition
True or False: When learning a language (first or second), people tend to experiment with grammar
The word 'deer' in English used to refer to 'animal' or 'beast' as a general term, now it is very specific. This is an example of what?
Language change
True or false: Studies have shown that bilinguals and monolinguals exhibit similar abilities when comparing their ability to multitask.
False.
True or False: The job of a linguist is to help encourage people to speak correctly, and prevent linguistic corruption
False: Linguists describe how language is actually used (descriptivism) rather than defining how it "should" be used (prescriptivism).
What is the language that Emma documents in Papua New Guinea?
Sa
This theory of language acquisition posits that children learn (all) language by mimicking what they've seen before
Imitation
This is the name we use for folks engaged in learning a language that their family speaks or spoke until relatively recently
Heritage Language Learner
Bilinguals of this variety tend to be significantly better at listening and reading than they are at speaking and writing
Receptive bilinguals
"A single common language is important for political and cultural cohesiveness", and "Only the majoritized language(s) in a nation-state should be used for general education" are examples of language _____?
True or False: Chemawa Indian School currently punishes and devalues expressions of indigenous culture and language
Very False, while Chemawa was historically an assimilationist boarding school, it is now run by indigenous educators with a focus on not reproducing educational trauma
Heavily debated period whereafter new languages are theorized to become obstructively more difficult to learn
Critical Period
True or False: When languages borrow words/phrases, they maintain the original form and meaning from the source language.
False.
(e.g., Japanese)
True or False: Compound bilingualism describes individuals who acquired 2 languages in the same context, at the same time.
True.
A primary goal of the Commission on Language Learning is for all U.S middle and high schools to include meaningful instruction in world languages as part of their standard curricula
False: one of the primary goals of the Commission on Language Learning is for ALL U.S schools to include meaningful language education as a core part of curricula
Which particular region of the US was especially known for its linguistic diversity prior to colonization?
The Pacific Northwest
"malaba" is an example of what type of babbling?
variegated
Urdu, Ukrainian, and Portuguese all share common ancestry with what ancient language?
Indo-European
What does the three generation language shift model refer to?
The tendency for non-English languages / heritage languages to be lost within families by the third generation.
According to the LSA, What percent of nation-states are officially bi- or multilingual?
more than 80%
By the turn of the next century, around how many of the world’s languages will be lost?
About half
Describe the U-shaped curve in terms of language development.
The process in which a grammatical feature is learned, then overgeneralized to other structures before acquiring the proper form.
The regular sound changes resulting in "father", "pita", and "vater" in English, Hindi, and German indicates what about these languages?
They are related
Which type of language policy elects to reduce and avoid the usage of languages that do not hold power, and often promotes assimilation to the language in power?
Restrictive Language Policies
12
What three components are usually found in a "Boasian Trilogy"?
-Annotated Texts, Grammar, Dictionary