4 - The Phonemic Principle
The words "boat" and "coat" are an example of this.
This symbol is used to represent the edges of a word when describing the environment.
hashtag (#)
Pronunciation variants of morphemes.
Allomorphs
This type of vowel is shorter than tense vowels.
Lax vowels
The inherent loudness of a segment.
Sonority
A position in a word (or sentence), used to describe where sounds occur.
Environment
A transcription that includes predicable allophonic variation and uses "[ ]" brackets
Phonetic Transcription
A ____ has three components, the Underlying Representation, rules, and the Surface Representation.
Derivation
Examples of pitch (frequency, measured in ____)
Hertz
Rhyme
When speakers consider physically different sounds to be "the same".
Non-Contrastive
The environment of a consonant that is 'before a consonant or word finally'
Coda Environment
___ introduces a new dimension to phonology: the idea that new environments are created by prefixations, suffixations, or putting words in a sentence.
Allomorphy
The three types of this are intensity, pitch, and length.
Suprasegmentals
A syllable that obeys the Sonority Sequencing Generalization, and has no appendix consonants.
Core Syllable
A phonetic variant or surface manifestation of a phoneme, occurring in a predictable context.
Allophone
The two components of a general rule format.
Structural Change and Structural Description
The ___ contains a mix of Contrastive Features and Redundant or Non-Contrastive Features.
Surface Representation (SR)
uses an exaggerated intonation contour - sound "indignant"
Primary Stress
The action typically taken when segments that cannot be linked to a syllable, because the language's template doesn't allow it.
Deletion
A feature which encodes a phonological contrast in a given language.
Distinctive Feature
When two sounds are articulated at (nearly) the same time, with the result that the pronunciation of one sound affects that of an immediately adjacent sound.
Coarticulation
___ result from and rely on two other modules, the Lexicon and the Morphology.
Phonological Derivations
Words with only one vowel sound must have a ____ vowel. (hint: lax or tense, and short or long)
Tense and Long
The insertion of a vowel (or consonant) to satisfy syllabic constraints.
Epenthesis