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Basics of Linguistics
Morphological Component
Noam Chomsky and Generative Grammar
Chomsky's Syntactic Structures
Transformation
100
The behavior that affects the behavior of others by the transmission of information.
What is communication?
100
The smallest unit of meaning; may not be broken down any further and still have meaning.
What is a morpheme?
100
Logic and mathematics.
What were Chomsky's ideas inspired by?
100
Structure, level, grammar, and language.
What are the key concepts presented in this book?
100
Rules that relate the spoken form of sentences to their underlying meaning.
What is Transformational rules (T-rules)?
200
The grammar (pattern) of sounds of that language.
What is the phonological system?
200
A meaningful grammatical unit that cannot occur alone.
What is a bound morpheme?
200
Linguistic competence, what the speaker subconsciously knows about his or her language.
What did Chomsky emphasize and what is deep structure?
200
Transformational Grammar
What style of grammar is fundamental to this book?
200
Another kind of movement transformation that creates a derived sentence with a different focus or emphasis that the basic sentence.
What is topicalization?
300
The study of speech sounds: their physical properties, the way they are received and decoded by the brain, and the way they are produced.
What is phonetics?
300
A meaningful grammatical unit that can stand alone.
What is a free morpheme?
300
Even though there is variation in languages, these differences have specific principles and parameters (limitations).
What is the Principles and Parameters theory?
300
The fields of philosophy, psychology, cognitive science, and computer science.
Which fields were affected by Chomsky's ideas?
300
Words that are inserted into a basic sentence may not add meaning to the basic sentence.
What is insertion transformation?
400
Spelling and the writing system of a language.
What is orthography?
400
Bound morphemes that change the meaning or lexical category of a word.
What are derivational morphemes?
400
The concept that there is one single grammatical system for all languages.
What is the minimalist approach?
400
Chomsky's example of a sentence that includes total grammatical accuracy accompanied with meaningless words.
What is, “Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.”?
400
Transformations that substitute a pronoun for some other part of speech or syntactic category.
What is substitution transformations?
500
A perceived unit of language that signals a difference in meaning when contrasted to another.
What is a phoneme?
500
Bound morphemes that do not change the essential meaning or lexical category of a word, rather they change grammatical functions.
What are inflectional morphemes?
500
Internal capacity to acquire language.
What is the motivation to learn a language?
500
The field of Linguistics.
Which field was primarily affected by Chomsky's works?
500
The transformation that explains the relationship between sentences and explains similar sets.
What are movement transformations?