Properties of Lipids
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Steroids
Waxes
100
The "water fearing" portion of the lipid
hydrophobic
100
How many fatty acids does a triglyceride contain?
3
100
How many tails on a phospholipid?
2
100
Give an example of a steroid that is a hormone
Testosterone, estrogen
100
Give of an example of where wax is found in plants
leaves
200
Do lipids dissolve in water? Why or Why not?
no, non-polar/hydrophobic
200
Is this molecule saturated or unsaturated? Explain.
unsaturated; double bond present with a bent structure
200
Where are phospholipids found?
cell membrane
200
High cholesterol increases the risk of these two events:
heart attack and stroke
200
Name at least two types of waxes
beeswax, earwax, candle wax, paraffin wax
300
What is the name for the process by which glycerol and fatty acids are joined together?
condensation reaction
300
Triglycerides are commonly found in this type of fatty deposit in animals:
blubber
300
What is a phospholipid composed of?
Hydrophilic head and 2 hydrophobic tails
300
The liver produces this type of steroid:
cholesterol
300
What does wax provide?
protection
400
What makes lipids unsaturated? Give an example of an unsaturated food
Double bond, bent structure; olive oil, nuts, fish
400
Where are triglycerides typically found?
Fat deposits or in the blood
400
What group is found in the head of a phospholipid?
phosphate group
400
Why would an athlete get in trouble for using steroids?
It promotes the rapid development of skeletal muscle giving them an unfair advantage.
400
Give a specific example on how wax benefits insects:
Wax can prevent desication or drying out
500
What elements are found in lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, sometimes phosphorous
500
What do triglycerides provide for the body?
long term stored energy, insulation, protection
500
what is the backbone of a phospholipid made out of?
glycerol
500
Give the names of each type of cholesterol and tell which one is good and which one is bad:
HDL-high density lipoprotein (good), LDL-low density lipoprotein (bad)
500
What are waxes (structure)?
long hydrocarbon chains
600
What is the name of the bond that joins the glycerol with 3 fatty acids in a triglyceride?
ester bond
600
From where is the energy stored and released in triglycerides?
long hydrocarbon tails
600
Why do phospholipids orient themselves to have their heads facing out and their tails facing in?
There is water on the inside and the outside of the cell, the hydrophilic heads face the water while the hydrophobic tails face away from the water
600
How are steroids structured?
four carbon rings
600
What is the name of the gland that functions as the production of earwax?
cerumen gland
700
What is the name of the functional group at one end of fatty acids?
carboxyl (carboxylic acid)
700
These stores of energy will always be used before triglycerides are tapped into for energy:
carbohydrates
700
What can be said of water soluble molecules with regards to the cell membrane?
Most cannot directly pass through
700
This is the name for the disease in which fatty deposits build up in the arteries:
atherosclerosis
700
How does wax benefit aquatic birds?
The wax on their feathers is water-repellent, meaning they won't become overly saturated or weighed down by water.