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100

An image, a detail, a plot pattern or a character type that occurs frequently in literature, myth, religion or folklore and is, therefore, believed to evoke profound emotions in the reader because it awakens a primordial image in the unconscious memory

Archetype
100
A word's dictionary meaning
Denotation
100
Term used to describe literary works that make extensive use of primitive, Medieval, wild, or mysterious elements. 
Gothic
100

A recurring literary convention or element that is repeated within a literary work (In Macbeth, blood, water, and sleep are examples) 

Motif
100
A character who demonstrates some complexity
Round character
200
A literary work with two or more levels of meaning: one literal and one more symbolic meaning.  
Allegory
200
Word choice.  It can be formal or informal, abstract or concrete, plain or ornate, or ordinary or technical.
Diction
200

Tragic flaw of pride, ambition, or overconfidence that leads a hero to ignore warnings or disregard moral codes, resulting in the hero's downfall (Macbeth)

Hubris
200

A combination of contradictory terms: "Loving hate" from Romeo and Juliet

Oxymoron
200
A speech in a dramatic work in which a character speaks his or her thoughts out loud, usually on stage alone not speaking to other characters
Soliloquy
300
A song-like poem that tells a story
Ballad
300
When there is a contradiction between what the character thinks and what the audience or reader knows to be true
Dramatic irony
300
Metrical poetry that consists of five feet per line, with each foot consisting of an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable 
Iambic pentameter
300

A brief story that is meant to teach a lesson or to illustrate a moral truth (The Prodigal Son)

Parable
300
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language
Syntax
400
The audience's emotional response to a tragic work; means an emotional cleansing
Catharsis
400
A long narrative poem about the adventures of a God or of a hero
Epic 
400
An expression having a special meaning not obtainable from or not clear from the usual meaning of the words ("fly off the handle")
Idiom
400
Quality of a literary work or speech that arouses feelings of pity, sorrow, or compassion in the reader or audience
Pathos
400
Ordinary language of a people living in a particular region
Vernacular
500
A word or phrase used in everyday relaxed speech but rarely found in formal writing
Colloquial
500
An error in reasoning
Fallacy
500

Latin for "in the middle of things."  Homer's, The Odyssey, begins this way. 

"In media res"
500
Play on words used to convey two meanings at the same time
Pun
500
A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. (All men are fools. Mr. Smith is a man.  Therefore, Mr. Smith is a fool.)
Syllogism