Anatomy
The vessels supplying the liver with blood
What are Hepatic Artery and Portal Vein
The liver digestive function is largely due to this fluid
What is bile
This metabolic enzyme, although not specific to the liver, can elevate with cell injury or death
What is Aspartate Amniotrasferase (AST)
Fatty Liver then Liver Fibrosis then Cirrhosis
What are the stages of liver damage
Acetaminophen, ethanol, chloroform
What causes Hepatocyte Necrosis
contains branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery and a bile duct
What is portal triad
This factor in a LFT will elevate with obstructive disease
What is alkaline phosphatase (Alk phos)
•Occur through excess fat synthesis, decreased fat degradation, impaired fat secretion.
What is fatty liver
Arsenic, ethanol, vinyl chloride, vitamin A
What causes Fibrosis and Cirrhosis
closest to the portal triad, highly oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood.
What is Zone 1 acinus
the end-result of excessive or prolonged exposure to hepatotoxic agents
What is the process of hepatic death
Aflatoxin, vinyl chloride, synthetic estrogens, androgens
What causes tumours
Functional structural subunit of liver
What is acinus
Fat metabolism in the liver is accomplished by converting ______and_____ to ______and______
What are excess carbs and proteins to fatty acids and triglycerides.
defined as a reduction of bile formation or impaired secretion of specific bile components
What is cholestasis
Estrogens, chlorpromazine
What causes Canalicular cholestasis
closest to the central vein, oxygen-poor, nutrient depleted blood.
What is Zone 3 acinus
These building block compounds help metabolize protein in the liver
What are amino acids
the efficiency of irreversible elimination of a drug.
What is Drug Clearance
the result of chronic toxic injury or inflammation of the liver parenchyma. Damaged tissue is replaced with fibrous scar tissue. Due to repetitive exposure to hepatotoxic chemicals e.g. ethanol
What is liver cirrhosis
Anabolic steroids, cyclophosphamide
What causes Sinusoidal damage