Etiology/ Pathophysiology
Diagnostic Testing/ Lab values
Clinical manifestation
Medical management/ Nursing intervention
Patient education/discharge instructions
100

Fibrosis of the liver, following association with congestive heart failure

What is cardiac cirrhosis

100

Potential hepatotoxic over-the-counter drug to avoid when the liver is inflamed

What is acetaminophen?

100

Increased levels of bilirubin that occur with an increase in the breakdown of RBC

What is Jaundice?

100

Medicines, such as spironolactone and furosemide, to help get rid of fluid that has built up in the belly and other parts of the body.

What is diuretic?

100

Which electrolyte should be limited for a patient with liver cirrhosis

What is sodium

200

The sugar stored in the liver

What is glycogen

200

What lab tests are based on the release of enzymes from damaged liver cells?  

What is AST/ALT

200

Increase in abdominal girth due to impaired liver synthesis of protein and decreased colloid osmotic pressure.

What is ascites?

200

Procedure in which a needle is inserted through the abdominal wall to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity.

What is paracentesis?

200

Warn the patient against taking NSAID's to decrease the risk of

What is bleeding

300

Protein that is made and processed by the liver

What is albumin

300

This level will rise in liver failure resulting in Hepatic encephalopathy

What is ammonia?

300

Collateral circulation develops as the body attempts to reduce the increased portal pressure displayed as veins visible around the umbilicus.

What is Caput Medusa?

300

These techniques may be used to treat and prevent variceal bleeding in the esophagus.

What is Endoscopic variceal banding or sclerotherapy.

300

When it comes to patient teaching about activities the nurse should instruct the patient to

What is increase amount of rest periods

400

Would perform this procedure for a patient with cirrhosis when shortness of air is present, pain, and/or test peritoneal fluid for bacteria. 

What is Paracentesis?

400

Asterixis and apraxia will help with the diagnosis of this complication.

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

400

Leads to leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, and esophageal varices.

What is portal hypertension?

400

Medicine that help prevent the buildup of ammonia and other natural toxins in the large intestine.

What is Lactulose

400

What foods have vitamins A, D, E, and K that benefit the patient with cirrhosis

What is carrots, pumpkin, winter squash, apricots, green leafy vegetables, wheat germ, nuts, egg yolk, and liver/beef

500

Problem is increased by Constipation, infection, hypovolemia, hypokalemia, GI bleeding, opioid medications

What is hepatic encephalopathy

500

Requires Informed consent post-procedure position on the right side for 2 hours to apply pressure and decrease the risk of hemorrhage.

What is liver biopsy?

500

This results in decreased colloid osmotic pressure, which moves fluid into the abdominal cavity and interstitial space.

What is hypoalbuminemia?

500

This procedure can divert fluid from the abdominal cavity and may be used to treat ascites that does not respond to other forms of treatment.

What is transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

500

Portal systemic encephalopathy may require the restriction of this in the client's diet

What is protein