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Macromolecules
Ecology/Human Impact
Cells
Reproduction
Miscellaneous
100
Which statement describes starches, fats, proteins, and DNA? (1) They are used to store genetic information. (2) They are complex molecules made from smaller molecules. (3) They are used to assemble larger inorganic materials. (4) They are simple molecules used as energy sources.
What is (2) They are complex molecules made from smaller molecules.
100

In lakes in New York State that are exposed to acid rain, fish populations are declining. This is primarily due to changes in which lake condition? (1) size (3) pH (2) temperature (4) location

What is (3) pH

100
Which cell structure is mainly responsible for releasing energy from food molecules in some single-celled organisms? (1) ribosome (3) cell membrane (2) chloroplast (4) mitochondrion
What is (4) mitochondrion
100
Human reproduction usually involves (1) internal fertilization and internal development (2) external fertilization and external development (3) internal fertilization and external development (4) external fertilization and internal development
What is (1) internal fertilization and internal development
100
A scientist plans to cut a segment of DNA so that it can be inserted into the DNA of a bacterium, a single-celled organism. The scientist needs to use a special type of organic molecule to perform this cutting process. This molecule is (1) a lipid (3) an enzyme (2) a carbohydrate (4) a hormone
What is (3) an enzyme
200
Enzymes, antibodies and hormones are all examples of which organic macromolecule?
What is PROTEIN
200
A finite resource in the environment that keeps a population from steadily increasing is known as (1) dynamic equilibrium (2) a limiting factor (3) a reproductive enzyme (4) ecological succession
What is (2) a limiting factor
200
In which organelle does protein synthesis occur in the cell ?
What is ribosomes
200
When an organism reproduces asexually, it usually has (1) only one parent, and half as much DNA as the parent (2) only one parent, and the same chromosome number as the parent (3) two parents, and twice as much DNA as either parent (4) two parents, and the same chromosome number as each parent
What is (2) only one parent, and the same chromosome number as the parent
200
The hormone adrenaline can affect only cells with (1) appropriately shaped receptors (2) the appropriate antibodies (3) ribosomes that produce adrenaline (4) genes that break down adrenaline
What is (1) appropriately shaped receptors
300
Which group consists entirely of organic molecules? (1) protein, oxygen, fat (2) protein, starch, fat (3) water, carbon dioxide, oxygen (4) water, starch, protein
What is (2) protein, starch, fat
300
Which statement best describes how a major change in the size of one population affects an ecosystem? (1) It will immediately affect every population and the physical conditions. (2) It will affect the physical conditions, but not the other populations. (3) It could directly or indirectly affect the physical conditions and any population. (4) It affects every population, not the physical conditions.
What is (3) It could directly or indirectly affect the physical conditions and any population.
300
During gas exchange, the cell membrane of a single-celled organism has the same function as which organ system in humans? (1) nervous (3) digestive (2) reproductive (4) respiratory
What is (4) respiratory
300
German measles is a disease that can harm an embryo if the mother is infected in the early stages of pregnancy because the virus that causes German measles is able to (1) be absorbed by the embryo from the mother’s milk (2) be transported to the embryo in red blood cells (3) pass across the placenta (4) infect the eggs
What is (3) pass across the placenta
300

In living cells, chemical processes, such as synthesis and digestion, all require the action of (1) specialized antibiotics (2) hormones (3) salts (4) biological catalysts

What is (4) biological catalysts ENZYMES!

400
ANSWER 2 of the 3 questions 1. Proteins break down into? 2. Carbohydrates and Starch break down into? 3. Lipids and Fats break down into?
Proteins--> amino acids Carbohydrates/Starch--> Glucose (sugars) Lipds/Fats--> Fatty acid and Glycerol
400
Which factor would be least likely to contribute to the development of a new species? (1) plentiful resources within the environment occupied by the species (2) increased genetic variation within the species (3) changes in the environment of the species (4) the ability of the species to increase its numbers by sexual reproduction
What is (1) plentiful resources within the environment occupied by the species
400

What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis? What is the energy source?

Bonus points if you write out the chemical formulas!

CO2+ H2O --> O2 + C6H12O6 + ATP

Powered by sunlight

400
Potato farmers in Ireland during the mid 1800s all grew the same type of potato. The potato plants were all produced as clones of one another. When a fungus infected the crop, all of the potatoes were destroyed. This occurred because these potato plants (1) had little genetic variability (2) had increased biodiversity (3) were the product of fertilization (4) were the result of biotechnology
What is (1) had little genetic variability
400
Plants that live in hot, dry climates have evolved mechanisms to help conserve limited water sup- plies. One example is the closing of leaf openings by guard cells during the day to decrease water loss from their leaves. This detection of and response to an environmental stimulus is an example of (1) a feedback mechanism (2) a genetic mutation (3) an organ malfunction (4) an allergic reaction
What is (1) a feedback mechanism
500

Explain how an enzyme like lactase is made in our bodies. 

DNA instructions --> mRNA --> Amino acids assembled at the ribosome --> Protein is made and leaves the cell

500

Explain what habitat fragmentation is and why it is a problem.

  • Habitat fragmentation occurs when a large, connected area of habitat is divided into smaller, isolated patches, separated by human-modified landscapes like roads, buildings, or agricultural fields. 
    • Reduced habitat area and quality: Smaller, isolated patches of habitat can't support the same number or diversity of species as larger, connected areas. 

    • Increased isolation: Fragmentation isolates populations, making it harder for animals to find mates, access resources, and disperse to new areas. 

    • Reduced genetic diversity: Isolated populations can experience inbreeding, leading to reduced genetic diversity and increased vulnerability to diseases and environmental changes. 

    • Increased vulnerability to extinction: Smaller, isolated populations are more susceptible to local extinctions due to habitat loss, disease, and other threats. 




500
Which organelle is considered the gate keeper of the cell and is selectively permeable?
What is the cell membrane.
500
What process allows embryonic cells to change into different tissues (cardiac cells, intestinal cells, neurons, etc)? 
What is differentiation?
500

The corn we eat today is larger and has more kernels than the corn people first grew thousands of years ago. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have occurred? 

What is selective breeding?