Definitions & Concepts
What is guidance in early childhood education?
Using room arrangement, schedule, materials, and structure to guide children.
What is an I-message?
A respectful way to express feelings and request change.
What does guidance focus on?
Positive strategies to lead and teach.
Which theorist emphasized systems affecting child development?
Bronfenbrenner.
Why is flexibility important in scheduling?
To accommodate children's needs and transitions.
What are the two major dimensions of caregiving?
Responsiveness and Demandingness.
Why give choices?
To foster autonomy and decision-making.
What does discipline mean?
Teaching and learning.
Which theorists focused on children constructing knowledge?
Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky.
What does a balanced schedule include?
Vigorous and calm activities, child- and teacher-led.
What is the difference between guidance and discipline?
Guidance is positive direction; discipline is teaching and learning.
What is conflict resolution?
Helping children solve problems collaboratively.
What is an example of punishment?
Withholding food or using time-out.
Which theorists emphasized emotional needs?
Erikson and Maslow.
What is the Project Approach?
Using shared experiences to generate learning activities.
What is punishment in the context of child guidance?
Imposing penalties or rough treatment to control behavior.
Why use suggestions?
To guide behavior positively.
How can educators avoid punishment?
Using positive strategies and understanding development.
What does Erikson say infants need to develop?
A sense of trust.
What should materials reflect?
Children's needs, interests, and abilities.
What is a discipline encounter?
An interaction to help a child understand and alter behavior.
What does modeling teach?
Demonstrates behavior for children to imitate.
What is the goal of positive discipline?
Teaching self-control and building self-esteem.
What does Maslow say toddlers need beyond basics?
Acceptance, affection, and friendship.
What is a sign of respect in scheduling?
Considering children's needs when planning activities.