Mechanism
Sodium channels
What to local anaesthetics bind reversibly to?
A mixture of lidocaine and Prilocaine
What is EMLA cream?
2mg/kg
What is the maximum recommended dose of Bupivacaine/Levobupivacaine without epinephrine?
Tinnitus
What is a potential side effect of local anaesthetics that affects the auditory system?
The liver
Where are amide local anaesthetics primarily metabolized?
Infiltration Anaesthesia
What type of local anaesthesia involves injecting the anaesthetic directly into the tissue to be treated?
40mg/ml
What concentration is 4% lidocaine?
Numbness or tingling
What is a common side effect experienced as the local anaesthetic wears off?
It is decreased
How is the effectiveness of local anaesthetics affected in inflamed or infected (acidic) tissues?
Slow
What is the onset of action of EMLA cream?
1000mg/100ml
What concentration is a 100% solution?
Metallic Taste
What is a potential side effect experienced in the mouth after administration of certain local anaesthetics?
An Ester
What type of local anaesthetic is Cocaine?
Fast
What type of onset does lidocaine have?
The BNF
Where can you find dose and drug information on local anaesthetics?
Muscle twitching
What is a potential side effect of local anaesthetics that can indicate central nervous system toxicity?
Vasoconstriction
What effect does the addition of adrenaline to a local anaesthetic have on local blood vessels?
Topical, infiltration, nerve block, spinal, and epidural
What are the five main types of local anesthesia?
6mg/kg
What is the maximum dose of Prilocaine?
CNS excitation followed by depression, cardiovascular effects
What are the two main categories of symptoms of local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?