local anesthesia
what does a local anesthesia produce in the patient?
loss of sensation and motor activity
what is the prototype for this class?
lidocaine
what are the two groups of drugs that cause skeletal muscle relaxation?
centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants and
direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants
these is the only benzo approved for spasticity
diazepam
MOA of these are preventing cells from responding to these impulses and sensory stimulation and sending signals for skeltal muscle movements, what impulses are prevented?
pain
how quickly does this class work?
rapid onset
what are the prototypes for central acting muscle relaxants?
carisoprodol
baclofen
what area does diazepam work on when helping with spasticity?
CNS
LAST or local anesthetic systemic toxicity:
1. when occurs?
2. what is the prognosis?
3. what is the progression?
1.when absorbed systemically
2. severe and life threatening
3. may progress to seizures leading to resp. depression, then coma, resp. arrest and C/V depression
lidocaine can be injected; some facilities use this prior to this procedure to reduce pain. what is this procedure?
IV start
what is the criteria we use in older than 65 patients before giving this medication?
beers
what is the adverse effect of this medication?
What are the initial symptoms to watch for with LAST?
-manifestations occur 1-5 minutes after injection but could be delayed up to 1 hour
-initial symptoms include analgesia, circumoral numbness, metallic taste, tinnitus or auditory changes and agitation
the MOA decreases the neuronal membranes permeability to sodium ions. this action then inhibits the depolarization and blocks nerve conduction leading to this, what is this?
diminished pain
what is the prototype for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants?
dantrolene
there are many methods of administration, this method is one that nursing can apply, what is this method?
topical
this drug interactions increases their serum concentrations. what class are these drugs?
antidysrhythmic drugs
this is a rare but life-threatening complication of anesthesia, symptoms are hypercarbia, met. acidosis, skeletal muscle rigidity, fever and cyanosis. Dantrolene can be used to treat this, what is this condition called?
malignant hyperthermia