NAME THAT GUY
Locke says this man had no authority over his family or the world.
Who is Adam?
(77)
A state of perfect freedom to act as one wishes and do what one wishes with themselves and one’s property.
What is the State of Nature?
(78)
"Want of a common judge with authority puts all men in a state of nature."
Locke
(83)
The State of War, for Locke
Force, or a plan of force against someone else, without a common judge to appeal to.
(83)
In the State of Nature, Hobbes and Locke agree that everyone is equal.
True
The Biblical figure Locke references as evidence of every man's right to punish a crime in the State of Nature.
Who is Cain?
(80)
The Law of Nature which governs the State of Nature.
What is reason?
(78)
"I desire to know what kind of government that is, and how much better it is than the state of nature, where one man, commanding a multitude, has the liberty to be judge in his own case, and may do to all his subjects whatever he pleases..."
Locke
(81)
The State of War, for Hobbes.
Anytime people live without a common power "to keep them all in awe."
(Lev. 69)
For Locke, the State of Nature is essentially a State of War.
False.
This is true for Hobbes (Lev. 69).
The English philosopher referenced by Locke who defends the divine right of kings.
Who is Sir Robert Filmore/Filmer?
(77, 84)
"Men living together according to reason, without _____ is properly the state of nature."
-Locke
"Men living together according to reason, without a common superior on earth, with authority to judge between them is properly the state of nature."
(83)
The first fundamental law of nature is "seek peace and follow it."
Hobbes
(73)
For this philosopher, competition, glory, and diffidence are the causes of quarrel between men.
Who is Hobbes?
(Lev. 68)
Locke says that the State of Nature is a state of license.
False.
(78)
“Reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions: for men being all the workmanship of one omnipotent, and infinitely wise maker; all the servants of one sovereign master…”
Thus, nature is not a state of license.
The Anglican priest Locke cites twice as an authority in his argument for an equality of all people which entails mutual love.
Who is The Judicious Hooker?
(pg 78)
This philosopher believed that people "are naturally induced to seek communion and fellowship with others."
The Judicious Hooker.
(81-82)
Does Locke agree or disagree with him on this point?
This philosopher says that "Self-love will make men partial to themselves and their friends."
Locke, in giving the 4 problems with universal executive right (i.e., the right to execute the laws) (81)
Unreasonable for men to be judges in their own cases
Self-love will make men partial to themselves and their friends
Ill-nature, passion, and revenge will carry them too far in punishing others
Confusion and disorder will follow.
This philosopher would agree that we have the right to destroy that which threatens us with destruction.
Locke and Hobbes
(Locke 82/Hobbes 70)
Locke says that in the State of Nature, it is permissible to kill someone for theft of something valuable, like a horse, but not for something trivial, like a coat.
False
(83)
Who is one of the men on the desert island mentioned by Garcilasso de la Vega?
Pedro Serrano
(81)
The Hunger Games best illustrates this philosopher's State of Nature.
Who is Hobbes?
Hobbes
(104)
According to Locke, those at war can appeal to this entity.
What/Who is Heaven?
(83-84)
According to Locke's philosophy, a society with constant, publicly available camera surveillance would have no need for a common judge.
False. This might help every person make judgements, but they would still each be an independent judge, forced to war with transgressors of the law of nature (reason).