Aristotelian Logic
This Greek Philosopher is credited as being the Father of Logic and creating what we know as the Laws of Thought
Aristotle
When one argues that you must accept or reject an argument because everyone accepts/rejects it; they are committing what logical fallacy?
Bandwagon
In Philosophy, the study of reasoning is known as the branch of ___________.
Logic
When your opponent makes a claim based on evidence that is just too small to draw a logical conclusion; they are committing what logical fallacy?
Hasty Generalization
“If a band changes four of its five original members, is it still the same band if they continue to play the same type of music and call themselves by the same name?”
This question is most related to which of the five paradoxes we covered in class?
Ship of Theseus
Aristotle was taught by ________________ and when on to teach _________________________ which is how Western Philosophy became dominant through Europe.
Plato; Alexander the Great
When your opponent asserts that a relatively small first step will lead to a chain of related events culminating in some significant (usually negative) effect; they are commiting what logical fallacy?
The Deductive Logical Process moves from ________________ principles to a _________________ conclusion.
General; specific
When the opponent only presents two alternative points of view when more than two options are available; they are committing what logical fallacy?
False Dichotomy
“The next sentence out of my mouth will be true. The last sentence I said was false”.
This is a version of which of the five paradoxes we covered in class?
Pinocchio Paradox
Everything is the same as itself; or A is A, is known as which of the 3 Laws of Thought
Law of Identity
Insisting that a claim is true simply because a commanding official or expert on the issue said it was true, without any other supporting evidence offered.
Appeal to Authority
The scientific method is largely based on developing a general conclusion based on a collection of observations. This is more closely related to which type of reasoning?
Inductive
Overtly attacking somebody, or more subtly casting doubt on their character or personal attributes as a way to discredit their argument.
Ad Hominem
Pilots can get out of combat duty if they are psychologically unfit, but does one that is caught attempting to act insane actually prove themselves to be sane?
This is known as:
Catch-22 Paradox
Mr. Trogdon is either an idiot or a genius violates which of the 3 Laws of Thought?
Law of Excluded Middle
When you attempt to make an argument by beginning with an assumption that what you are trying to prove is already true. In your premise, you already accept the truth of the claim you are attempting to make
Circular Argument
All humans are mortal
Socrates is a human
Therefore, Socrates is mortal
This is an example of which type of reasoning?
Deductive
Based on the assumption that a statement must be true if it cannot be proven false — or false if it cannot be proven true
Appeal to Ignorance
A common iteration of this paradox involves going back to when Adolf Hitler was a baby and killing him...
Time travel paradox
You cannot simultaneously be a Sophomore and a Junior is an example of which of the 3 Laws of Thought?
Law of Non-Contradiction
An intentionally misrepresented proposition that is set up because it is easier to defeat than an opponent's real argument.
Strawman
Socrates is a human
Since Socrates is not immortal
All humans must be mortal
This argument is known as which type of reasoning?
Inductive
Kind of fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue
Red Herring
Our logic study of I,Robot is most like which of the 5 paradoxes we covered in class?
Roko's Basilik