Nature & Purpose
The science and art of reasoning of well.
What is Logic?
The three Laws of Thought.
What are Law of Identity, Law of Excluded Middle, and Law of Non-Contradiction?
A statement that gives the meaning of a term.
What is a definition?
What is a species?
The three methods of defining are these.
Drawing proper conclusions from information we already have.
This law states that a statement cannot be both true and false.
What is the Law of Noncontradiction?
A definition that shows relationships or reduces ambiguity.
What is a lexical definition?
Chair is this to rocking chair in the following chart:
Furniture---chair---rocking chair
What is the genus?
"Dog is man's best friend," breaks this rule of defining by genus and difference.
Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules.
This law states any statement is either true or false.
A definition that aims at influencing attitudes and emotions of the audience.
What is a persuasive definition?
The sum of all the individual objects described by a term.
What is extension?
"To hate: how you feel when you don't like something," breaks this rule of defining by genus and difference.
Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.
What is deduction?
This law states that if a statement is true, then it is true.
What is the Law of Identity?
"I will be home soon, and by soon I mean before dinner," uses this type of definition.
What is a precising definition?
The further down you move on a genus and species chart, this increases.
What is intension?
"A magazine is a periodical that is not a newspaper," breaks this rule of defining by genus and difference.
What is "a definition should be stated positively, if possible?"
Deals with operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning.
What is informal logic?
"Christianity may be true for you, but it is not true for me," breaks this Law of Thought.
What is the Law of Identity?
Salt is a mineral consisting primarily of sodium chloride (NaCL) is an example of this type of definition.
What is a theoretical definition?
Put these terms in order of increasing extension:
chair, furniture, rocking chair, object
What is rocking chair, chair, furniture, object?
Name all six rules for defining by genus and difference.
What are "state essential attributes of the term, not be circular, not be too broad or too narrow, not be unclear or figurative, stated positively, and be of the same part of speech as the term?"