Logic Test Review

Connectives

100

The conversational English words for this connective include "and" & "but".

What is CONJUNCTION?

200

The most common, 2-letter word for DISJUNCTION.

What is OR?

300

Statements which express ONE proposition.

What are ATOMIC SENTENCES?

400

An "If....Then" statement comes in the form of this connective. 

What is MATERIAL CONDITIONAL?

500

In an "IF AND ONLY IF STATEMENT" the values of the antecedent and the consequent must have the same THIS.

What is TRUTH VALUE?

Vocabulary

100

a property of deductive arguments where, if all premises are true, the conclusion must necessarily be true.

What is VALIDITY?

200

A statement that serves as evidence in an argument.

What is a PREMISE?

300

A matrix or tablature that helps determine validity

What is a TRUTH TABLE?

400

Philosopher translates to "one who loves" THIS.

What is WISDOM?

500

To write an argument horizontally, with a line separating evidence from conclusion is called:

What is NORMAL FORM?

Deductive Arguments

100

This is a measure of a deductive argument that checks to see if the premises are in fact true.

What is SOUNDNESS?

200

This term we use for a deductive argument checks to see whether or not the facts listed in the argument are true. 

What is SOUNDNESS?

300

In order to test the validity of a deductive argument you must first translate it from normal English into this form:

What is PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC? (or Symbolic Form)

400

An argument that has one or more of its parts omitted is called this: 

What is an ENTHYMEME?

500

The reason a deductive argument is one of the most powerful tools in discussion.

Because if the premises are true the conclusion MUST BE TRUE?

Non-Deductive Arguments

100

We consider a non-deductive argument to be strong when it has reached this condition.

What is "higher than 0.5"?

200

A type of inductive argument where you draw a conclusion based on x amount of observed evidence.

What is ENUMERATIVE INDUCTION?

300

"Watches are made by watchmakers, who are intelligent designers.

The universe is like a watch.

The universe was made by an intelligent designer."

This is an example of what sort of inductive argument?

What is ARGUMENT BY ANALOGY?

400

P(H/e)

In the statement the "P" stands for Probability, the "e" stands for Evidence, and the "H" stands for this.

What is HYPOTHESIS?

500

Abduction is another form of reasoning that recognizes patterns often also referred to as IBE or this:

What is INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION?

Fallacies

100

This fallacy occurs when you substitute and attack a weaker version of an argument for the actual argument.

What is a STRAW MAN?

200

"Either you are with us or against us" is an example of this fallacy.

What is FALSE DICHOTOMY? (or Black & White)

300

There are 2 formal fallacies, "affirming the consequent" and this other one.

What is DENYING THE ANTECEDENT?

400

This fallacy occurs when the author assumes that starting down a certain path will lead to an unproven conclusion.

What is SLIPPERY SLOPE?

500

This fallacy occurs when the author attacks opponent personally rather than the argument that the opponent has put forth.

What is AD HOMINEM?