Definitions 1
In this fallacy, someone attacks the person, not the person's argument.
Ad hominem
This boils down to looking at one person and deciding that the entire group to which that person belongs must be like that person.
Hasty or Sweeping Generalization
Changes the opponent's position and then attacks it.
Straw-Man Argument
My opponent should not be elected mayor because he had an affair five years ago.
Ad hominem
Michael Jordan wears Hanes underwear, so you should too.
Appeal to doubtful authority
Treatment of a non-expert as an expert.
Appeal to doubtful authority
This uses a fact in isolation, but may have missing information.
Misleading statistic
"You, too" in Latin.
Attempts to break down an opponent's argument based on hypocrisy. If the opponent cannot follow his own advice, his advice must be invalid.
To Quoque
Choosing not to do homework is like choosing not to brush your teeth; the long-term consequences outweight the short-term benefits
False analogy
I have several white friends, and every one of them loves country music. All white people love country music.
Hasty or Sweeping Generalization
or
Stereotype
Comparing two ideas or situations that really are not fully comparable.
False analogy
"It does not follow" in Latin
Non Sequitur
This is a snowball fallacy; it exaggerates the potential consequences of an event or choice.
Slippery Slope
The principal should hire this teacher. His test scores improved 100% in just one year.
Misleading Statistic
I love tomatoes, so I'm going to learn to speak Mandarin Chinese.
Non Sequitur
Presents only two options as consequences for any particular choice.
False Dilemma
"After this, therefore because of this" in Latin
This fallacy places credit or blame on an event or situation simply because it happened prior to another event or situation.
Post Hoc, Ergo propter hoc
A result of hasty or sweeping generalization, this fallacy involves imposing on one person the generalization made about the group based on a small sample.
Stereotype
My PE teacher is overweight, so I will not follow his advice to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly.
Tu Quoque
If you don't expose your child to germs, he will never get sick and therefore never build up his immune system to fight illness. He will grow up to be a sickly adult.
Slippery Slope
This is the changing of a word's meaning in the course of an argument.
Equivocation
Switches the focus from the original argument presented.
Red herring
This logical fallacy makes the conclusion the major premise, meaning that the debater may try to pass it off as an undisputed fact.
Circular Reasoning / Begging the Question
Our teacher should not give homework over the weekend because we have a religious holiday. It is a teacher's responsibility to respect my religion.
Red Herring
Bigfoot isn't real because there is no proof of his existence.
Circular reasoning / begging the question