Types of Long-Term Memory
What is episodic memory?
This type of memory involves personal events, like remembering your last birthday.
What is shallow processing?
According to Craik & Lockhart, deep processing leads to better recall than this type of processing.
What is an explicit memory task?
Being asked directly to recall a list of words is this type of memory task.
What is own-ethnicity bias?
This bias makes people better at recognizing faces of their own race.
What is the Pollyanna principle?
People tend to remember pleasant information better than unpleasant information due to this principle.
What is semantic memory?
Knowing that cabbage tastes bitter is an example of this type of memory.
What is deep processing?
Thinking about a word’s meaning is an example of this type of processing.
What is implicit memory?
Word-completion tasks measure this type of memory.
What is the post-event misinformation effect?
When misleading information changes someone’s memory of an event, it’s called this effect.
What is the positivity effect?
Over time, unpleasant memories fade more than pleasant memories. This is called the ____ effect.
What is procedural memory?
Knowing how to drive a car is an example of this type of memory.
What is the self-reference effect?
Relating information to yourself improves memory because of this effect
What is repetition priming?
Recent exposure to a word increasing the likelihood of recalling it later is called this.
What is reality monitoring?
Identifying whether a memory came from imagination or reality is called this.
What is the recovered-memory perspective?
The perspective claiming traumatic memories may be forgotten and later recovered is called this.
What is autobiographical memory?
This type of memory includes imagery, emotions, and personal experiences about yourself.
What is the encoding specificity principle?
This principle states recall is better when encoding and retrieval contexts match.
What is anterograde amnesia?
Loss of memory after brain damage is known as this.
What are flashbulb memories?
Highly emotional memories that feel vivid but may contain errors are called this
What is the false-memory perspective?
The perspective arguing many recovered memories are inaccurate and constructed is called this.
What is episodic memory?
All episodic memories are autobiographical, but not all autobiographical memories are this.
What is context?
Even shallow processing can outperform deep processing if this matches between encoding and retrieval.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Loss of memory for events before brain damage is known as this.
What is .30–.50?
Confidence in eyewitness testimony is only moderately related to accuracy, with correlations typically around this range.
What is a reconstructive process?
The overall conclusion about memory: it is not a recording device but instead this type of process.