Toes
How many degrees should you angle the CR for AP toes?
10-15 degrees or use 15 degree wedge with CR perpendicular to IR
How do you perform an AP foot?
CR should be 10 degrees angled toward heel
CR to base of 3rd MT
How do you perform an AP ankle?
have the foot/ankle in a true AP
CR perpendicular to the IR directed midway between malleoli
True AP position
CR perpendicular to IR directed at midpoint of leg
How do you perform an AP knee?
rotate leg internally 3-5 degrees for true AP
CR perpendicular to IR
CR 1/2 inch distal to apex of patella
How many degrees should you rotate for an AP oblique?
medial rotation 30-45 degrees for digits 1-3
lateral rotation 30-45 degrees for digits 4-5
How do you perform an AP oblique foot?
Have a 30-40 degree medial rotation
CR to base of third MT
How do you perform an AP Mortise?
intermalleloar line parallel to IR
Rotate leg and foot medially 15-20 degrees
CR perpendicular to IR directed midway between malleoli
How do you perform a Lateral-mediolateral projection lower leg?
have the patient in lateral recumbent, unaffected leg behind affected leg
CR perpendicular to IR directed to midpoint of leg
How do you perform an AP medial (internal) oblique?
45 degree medial rotation
CR 1/2 inch distal apex of patella
How do you take a lateral of the toes?
lateromedial for 1st-3rd
CR to IP (1st), CR to PIP (2nd-5th)
mediolateral for 4th-5th
How do you perform an alternate lateral oblique?
Have a 30 degree lateral rotation
CR to base of third MT
How do you perform a lateral ankle?
knee bent with leg on lateral side
dorsiflex the foot
CR perpendicular to the IR directed at medial malleolus
What is the strongest and largest bone?
Femur
How do you perform an AP lateral (external) oblique?
45 degree lateral rotation
CR 1/2 inch distal to patella
How can you image the sesamoid bones?
Prone: dorsiflex the foot to form a 15-20 degree angle from vertical and dorsiflex the first digit
Supine: us tourniquet or gauze to dorsiflex the foot
How do you perform a mediolateral foot?
Rotate foot for a true lateral
Dorsiflex the foot
CR to midcuneiform (base of third MT)
How do you perform an AP 45 degree oblique?
rotate the leg and foot 45 degree medially
dorsiflex the foot 80-85 degrees from vertical
CR perpendicular to IR directed midway between malleoli
What are pathology/indications of the leg/knee?
fractures
FB
lesions
arthritis
How do you perform a lateral-mediolateral projection knee?
knee flexed 20-30 degrees
CR 5-7 degrees cephalad
CR 1 inch distal to medial epicondyle
what is the kVp range for toes?
55-65 kVp
How do you perform an AP and Lateral weight bearing
Horizontal beam
have CR 15 degrees posterior
have CR to base of MTs
How do you perform an AP stress?
Leg and ankle in true AP
dorsiflex the foot to a right angle
CR perpendicular to IR directed mid malleoli
What is the range of kVp?
70-80 kVp
How do you perform an AP weight bearing?
CR perpendicular or 5-10 degrees caudad for a thin patient
bilat