LSAT

The Basics of Logical Reasoning

100

Reasons the author gives to support their conclusion/ persuade.

What is a premise/evidence?

200

1. If/ Then 

2. Recommendation

3. Assertion of Fact 

4. Value of Judgement 

5. Prediction 

6. Comparison

What are the conclusion types? 

300

An argument has a main conclusion and sub- conclusion.

What is a complex argument? 

400

- Slowing down 

- Examine the surrounding words

- Simplify lang. 

What is decoding a Text?

500

The logical relationship of the argument and how well do the premise, if accepted, prove the conclusion.

What is LSAT Validity? 

Must be True and Most Strongly supported

100

- proven by the information provided.

- certain/ must occur

- No new information 

- paraphrase or follows logically 

What is MBT Q type?

200

- Reduces the degree of certainty 

- One that makes the most sense based on the information given. 

What is MSS/ MBT 

300

- Could be true (Possible) 

- New Information 

- twisted enough 

- exaggerated answers 

What are incorrect answer choices for MBT/ MSS? 

400

Summary of the author's view.

Must follow from the stem and must capture the main idea.

Finding the primary conclusion 

What is a main point question? 

500

- That is why...

- It follows that...

- As a result... 

- This shows...

What are the conclusion indications?

Causality

100

- Asserts or denies that one thing causes another or that one thing is caused by the other. 

What is Cause and Effect Reasoning?

200

Often two variables and absolute certain terms. 

A made B occur

What is a basic causal conclusion

300

- Determined by 

- Produced by 

- Promoted by

- Induced by 

- Reasons for 

- Responsible for 

What are the Cause/ Effect Terms?

400

- Location/ Occurance 

- Conncection between Events 

- Language used 

What are the differences between causality and conditionality?

500

- Causation v. correlation 

- Assuming that what happened first made the second event follow. 

What are the Errors of Causality?

Weaken and Strengthen Q Types

100

" Which one of the following, if true, most supports the chemist's prediction?" 

" Which one of the following does the most to justify the above?"
 

What is a Strengthen Question Type?

200

" Which one of the following argues most strongly against the reasoning given in the argument? "

" Which one of the following, if true, points out why the lawyer's argument above would be ineffective?" 

What is a Weaken Question type?

300

- Find an alternative cause, show that even when the cause or effect occurs, the cause or effect does not occur, counterexample, stated relationship is reversed, errors in the statical data. 

What are the ways to weaken an argument?  

400

The conclusion seems to go beyond the evidence provided...

What is a weak argument?

- Invalid 

- Unsound

500

The premise(s) strongly suggests the conclusion would be true.. 

What is a Strong argument?

Valid

Sound 

Random

100

An unstated premise 

What is an assumption?

200

Another name for MBT 

What is an inference?

300

Identity the conclusion type

- " Human ancestors stood upright before the jump."

What is an assertion of fact?

400

Range of logical relationship...

Depends on the author's language...

What is the author's scope?

500

- Possible and Probable cause vs. Certain causes 

- Partial Cause/ Multi- Cause Scenarios 

- Necessary v. Sufficient cause 

- Increases and Decreases in Likelihood and Degree 

What is Advanced Causal Reasoning?