Show:
Bony Anatomy
Soft Tissue
Special Tests
Pathologies
Miscellaneous
100
What structure does the spinal cord pass through?
What is the intervertebral foramen.
100
Name the muscles included in the erector spinae group.
What is Iliocostalis, spinalis, and longissimus.
100
What does the valsalva test increase?
What is intrathecal pressure.
100
What is the term for the narrowing of the spinal canal?
What is stenosis
100
What are the 3° of freedom in the spinal column?
What is Flexion/extension, rotation, and lateral bending.
200
What type of joint is at the facet?
What is a synovial joint.
200
How would you manual muscle test the Quadratus Lumborum?
What is sidelying lateral flexion.
200
What might a patient that presents with a facet joint disfunction report a history of?
What is extension, rotation, or lateral bending on the spine with pain localized over the facet.
200
Unrelenting night pain is a red flag for what two conditions?
What is cancer and spinal infection.
200
What does the anterior longitudinal ligament limit?
What is Extension of the spine.
300
A spondylolisis injury is a fracture at what site?
What is the pars interarticularis.
300
What is the ligament that runs from spinous process to spinous process?
What is supraspinous ligament.
300
What is the myotome for L4?
What is dorsiflexion of the foot.
300
What are the four stages of a disk herniation?
What is protrusion, prolapse, extrusion, and sequestration.
300
Why is it important to diagnose a back injury?
What is high rates of depression.
400
At which vertebrae does the spinal cord stop?
What is L1/L2
400
When rotating to the right, which core muscles are activated? (Specify which side; 4/5 to be correct)
What is the left external oblique, right internal oblique, left multifidi, erector spinea group, and rectus abdominus group.
400
What special test would you perform in order to tell if a patient is malingering?
What is the hoover test.
400
What pathology is more common in women and adolescents?
What is spondylolisthesis.
400
What are the Red Flags when evaluating a patient?
What is Fracture, Cauda Equina syndrome, cancer, and spinal infection.
500
What are the major movements of the lumbar spine?
What is flexion and extension.
500
Which lumbar muscle is able to stabilize the individual segments of the vertebra, and what bony landmarks do they attach to?
What is the multifidi, from spinous process to transverse process.
500
What are three tests that would be considered interchangeable for the slump test?
What is Brudzinski, Kernig, and Lasegue.
500
A leg length discrepancy and disk herniation would most likely cause S/S in which leg?
What is the shorter leg.
500
What does Faun’s Beard indicate?
What is spina bifida.