True or false: the zygapophyseal joint capsules are more taut compared to the cervical spine.
What is true
100
What can you say about coupling in the lumbar spine?
What is lateral flexion and rotation are coupled, but there is an inconsistent pattern
100
What is the function of the rectus abdominus?
compress abdominal contents, trunk flexion
100
Which ligament is thicker in the lumbar spine compared to the cervical spine?
What is anterior longitudinal ligament
100
Where are the accessory processes located?
What is posterior surface of transverse processes
200
What is the articulation between L5 and S1 called?
What is lumbosacral articulation (angle)
200
In regards to lumbar-pelvic rhythm, which two motions occur with forward bending reaching towards the tows, and in what order?
What is lumbar flexion; anterior pelvic tilt
200
What are the transversospinales muscles?
What is multifidus, rotatores, and semispinalis
200
What is the name of the ligament that attaches from the transverse processes of L5 to and projects bilaterally to the iliac crests?
What is iliolumbar ligaments
200
True or false: the height of the vertebral body is greater than the transverse diameter.
false! the transverse diameter > height
300
Normally, the interbody joints bear 80% and the z joints bear 20% of compressive load. However, in excessive lumbar lordosis or with disc degeneration, one of these joints take on an increased load from there normal. Which joint?
what is zygapophyseal joints
300
What are the attachments of the external oblique?
ribs 5-12 --> lateral lip of iliac crest and linea alba
300
What acts as a "hoop corset" to increase spinal stiffness?
What is thoracolumbar fascia
300
Where are the mamillary processes located?
What is posterior edge of superior zygapophyseal facet
400
What is the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints in the lumbar spine?
What is biplanar - anterior aspect is more in the frontal plane and posterior aspect is more in the sagittal plane
400
Which plane of motion would it be better for the z joints to lie more towards in order to resist anterior shear that occurs in the lumbar spine?
What is frontal plane
400
What are the attachments of the rotatores lumborum?
mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae --> spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae
400
Which posture will maximally load the iliolumbar ligaments, thus increasing it's likelihood to creep and cause back pain?
What is slouched posture
400
How are the fibers of the intervertebral disc oriented? Why is this beneficial?
What is opposite directions at 120 degrees to each other. It is able to resist tensile forces in nearly all directions
500
Which intra-articular structures are present int he zygapophyseal joints?
fibroadipose meniscoids
500
Which direction of motion has the least amount of range?
what is extension
500
What are the attachments of the transversus abdominus?
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, costal cartilages of lower 6 ribs --> linea alba, public crest and pectineal line
500
Which two muscles tense the thoracolumbar fascia and provide a pathway for force to be transmitted between the pelvis and the trunk?
What is gluteus maximus and contralateral latissimus dorsi
500
How is the intervertebral disc unique in the lumbar spine?
What is concave posteriorly, allowing for more cross-sectional area that gives the lumbar spine the ability to resist tension that occurs with forward bending