Etiology
How much more likely are smokers to get cancer than others?
64 times as likely
What is the last step of the diagnostic assessment of small cell lung cancer?
PFTs
What is the most common risk factor for lung cancer?
Smoking
What are the bilateral breath sounds for lung cancer?
Crackles or wheezing
Females
What percentage of lung cancer is small cell lung cancer?
25%
What FEV1 value requires additional testing?
Less than 80%
What is the acronym for remembering the symptoms for lung cancer?
BREATHE
What kind of vital signs appear when a patient has lung cancer?
Increased vital signs (tachypnea, tachycardia, hypertension)
Who has a less favorable prognosis when diagnosed with lung cancer?
People with lung and heart problems
What are the two different stages of lung cancer?
Limited and extensive stage
What is the 3 diagnostic imaging tests recommended for small cell lung cancer?
CT scan, PET scan, MRI scan
What is the most common sign/symptom of lung cancer?
Coughing up blood
What are the 4 different steps of the initial treatment?
Known/suspecting, History/physical, Tests, Evaluate/Treat
Name three forms of surgery that a lung cancer patient can have?
Pneumonectomy, Lobectomy, VADS
What cell formations is small cell lung cancer associated with?
Neuroendocrine cells
How can bronchoscopies be used in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer?
Can be used to take a piece of the tumor to determine if it is cancerous
What kind of patient could develop lung cancer even if they do not smoke?
Construction worker
What kind of overall medication options are given from lung cancer?
Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, Targeted, Palliative medications
What are the 3 types of lung cancer immunotherapy?
Immune check point inhibitors, Cancer vaccines, Adoptive T-cell therapies
What phenomenon is small cell lung cancer known to result in?
Paraneoplastic syndrome
What is shown on a PET scan that is not indicated on MRI or CT scan?
Show the cellular level changes and issues with oxygen, glucose, and blood flow
Inhalation of these certain things can be a risk factor for lung cancer
Inhalation of certain metal and organic materials
What would be the common metastatic sites?
Bones, Liver, Adrenal glands, Lymph nodes, Brain, Spinal cord
Name and describe the 2 forms of radiation mentioned in the presentation?
3D CRT- Uses special computers to precisely map the location of the tumors
IMRT- Uses computer driven device that moves around the patient while delivers radiation beams