Much Ado about Lymph Nodes
This term describes the accumulation of interstitial fluid due to impaired lymphatic drainage.
What is Lymphedema?
This is the type of immunity you are born with and acts as the body’s first line of defense.
What is innate immunity?
This disorder involves the immune system attacking the body's own tissues.
What is an autoimmune disease?
This condition occurs when alveoli collapse, often due to blocked airways or pressure imbalance.
What is Atelectasis?
The collapse of part or all of a lung.
These paired openings are the external entrances to the nasal cavity.
What is the Nares (nostrils)?
External openings of the nasal cavity.
This term describes the mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
What is Pulmonary ventilation?
The movement of air in and out of the lungs.
This organ stores blood, recycles red blood cells, and can be removed in a splenectomy.
What is the Spleen?
This type of immunity involves memory cells and specific antigen targeting.
What is adaptive (specific) immunity?
This term describes the cell-death induced by NK cells using perforins and granzymes.
What is apoptosis?
This inherited disease results in thick, sticky mucus and affects the lungs and digestive system.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?
This flap of tissue prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
What is the epiglottis?
The primary muscle used during quiet breathing is this dome-shaped structure.
What is the Diaphragm?
The primary muscle for inspiration during quiet breathing.
This organ, found in the mediastinum, helps mature T cells but shrinks after puberty.
What is the Thymus?
This process involves vasodilation, increased permeability, and leukocyte recruitment.
What is inflammation?
For bonus points what are the 4 signs of inflammation?
Most common with blood type reaction its when antibodies cross link cells to each other causing them to “clump”
What is agglutination?
This condition involves inflammation of the bronchi and is often caused by viral infection or smoking.
What is Bronchitis?
These three structures in the nasal cavity create turbulence to warm and humidify air.
What are the Nasal conchae?
Most oxygen in the blood is carried by this protein within red blood cells.
What is Hemoglobin?
Oxygen binds to the iron in its heme groups.
This structure, located near the abdominal aorta, serves as a lymph-collecting reservoir at the start of the thoracic duct.
What is the Cisterna Chyil?
This cell type helps activate both B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
What is a Helper T-cell (CD4)?
These cells produced by the proliferation and differentiation of B cells are the cells that produce the antibodies.
What are plasma cells?
This cancer can affect the lymphatic system and includes both Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin forms.
What is Lymphoma?
These tiny structures support gas exchange and are surrounded by pulmonary capillaries.
What are the Alveoli?
Approximately 70% of the body's CO2 that is being transported through the body is dissolved within the plasma as this.
What is as Bicarbonate?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!!!
These patches of lymphatic tissue are located in the ileum and monitor intestinal bacteria.
This process ensures T-cells have receptors that can recognize MHC receptors.
What is positive selection?
This is the antibody that crosses the placenta and provides long-term immunity.
What is IgG?
IgG antibodies persist longer and are an indicator of past infection or vaccination. This persistence helps provide sustained protection against future encounters with the same pathogen
This respiratory disease is characterized by destruction of alveolar walls and reduced elasticity of the lungs.
What is Emphysema ?
A form of COPD where alveolar walls are destroyed, reducing lung elasticity.
C shaped rings of hyaline cartilage that keeps the trachea from collapsing during inhalation
What is the Tracheal Cartilage?
This enzyme facilitates the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid.
What is Carbonic anhydrase?
Enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of CO₂ and water into carbonic acid.
This primary lymphatic organ is responsible for hemopoiesis and the production of B and T lymphocytes.
What is the Bone Marrow?
This process ensures T-cells do not bind to self-antigens.
What is negative selection?
This molecule presents exogenous antigens and is found only on antigen-presenting cells like dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells.
What is MHC II receptor?
This condition is caused by a blockage in lymphatic vessels by parasitic worms and can lead to elephantiasis.
What is Lymphatic filariasis
A parasitic disease causing severe swelling known as elephantiasis.
The division of the trachea into the right and left main bronchi occurs at this internal ridge.
What is the Carina?
The ridge where the trachea divides into the primary bronchi.
Located in the aortic arch these detect changes in concentration of both H+ and PCO2 within the arterial blood.
What are peripheral chemoreceptors?