Anatomy
Name the largest lymphatic organ in the body.
What is the spleen
Name the lymphocyte that produces antibodies
B Cells
Give an example of a nonspecific external barrier
Skin or mucus membranes
What type of cancer is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells?
Hodgkin lymphoma.
What fluid is found in lymphatic vessels
Lymph
Name the lymphatic vessels that drain into the subclavian veins.
The thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct.
Name the role of T helper cells
They activate B cells and T cytotoxic cells in specific immunity.
What triggers the inflammatory response
Tissue damage or infection releases chemicals like histamine.
Swelling that is caused by blockage of the lymphatic system.
what is lymphedema
What type of immunity is provided by vaccines
Artificial active immunity
Name the lymphatic organ that is most active in childhood and shrinks with age
What is the thymus gland
Name the immune cells that attack virus-infected and cancerous cells without prior exposure.
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
How does humoral immunity differ from cellular immunity?
Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies, while cellular immunity involves T cells directly killing infected cells.
What is an autoimmune disorder, and give an example.
A condition where the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues; examples include rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
Which lymphatic structure guards the pharynx against pathogens
Tonsils
Name the function of Peyer’s patches
They monitor intestinal bacteria and protect against pathogens in the digestive tract.
Name the function of T regulatory cells.
Suppress immune responses to prevent autoimmunity
What is the main purpose of a fever
To raise body temperature, making the environment less hospitable for pathogens and enhancing immune activity.
Name a diagnostic test for lymphatic system disorders.
Lymph node biopsy, CT scan, or WBC count.
Name the protein produced by virally infected cells to protect nearby cells.
Interferon
Name three locations where lymph nodes are concentrated in the body.
Cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions.
Name the type of cell that acts as an antigen-presenting cell (APC)
Macrophages, dendritic cells, or B cells
What is the primary difference between passive and active immunity?
Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from another source, while active immunity requires the body to produce its own antibodies.
What is Kaposi sarcoma, and how is it related to the lymphatic system?
A cancer linked to immunodeficiency (often in AIDS patients) that affects lymphatic and other tissues.
What is the purpose of the lymphatic system's valves?
To prevent backflow of lymph