What does it mean that this type of immunity is "adaptive"?
The response is specific to the type of invader. Our response adapts to the type of invader.
100
Why could a graft cause a negative response in the body?
Our bodies are programmed to fight whatever is non-self
100
The small, one-inch structures where lymph is filtered are called ____________
Lymph nodes
100
When blood tissue leaks out of the bloodstream and it picked up by the lymphatic system, the blood tissue is now called _________
lymph
200
How does mucus help defend against invaders?
Bacteria/dust/germs/viruses are trapped in the mucus before they get to far into the body
200
What is a self-antigen?
An antigen on your own cells, which your body will not attack (normally)
200
Why don't xenografts work very well?
they are from a different animal species
200
What are two main locations for lymph nodes?
neck, armpit, groin
200
What are the two types of lymphocytes involved in fighting disease?
T cells and B cells
300
How does a fever help with immunity?
Fever slows release of nutrients needed by bacteria
300
Describe the difference between humor and cellular immunity
Humoral - uses B cells, which secrete antibodies to fight disease
Cellular - uses T cells, which fight disease
300
What is the difference between an autograft and an isograft?
Autograft- same person's tissue is grafted to a different part of their body
Isograft- an identical person's tissue is grafted onto the second person's body
300
What is the purpose of the thymus?
Help to develop immunity cells in a child (thymus doesn't do much in adults)
300
What does it mean for a cell to become immunocompetent?
It is now able recognize self/non-self and fight disease
400
What does it mean that this type of defense is "innate" and "non-specific"?
It attacks a wide variety of invaders, not specific to one type
400
Describe the importance of memory cells.
When you get a disease, you body remembers how to fight it with memory cells. If you get the disease again, you can fight it much easier.
400
What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?
HIV is the original virus. It can develop into AIDS if enough of the T-cells are destroyed. (There is no immunity if there isn't enough T-cells)
400
What is the function of tonsils and peyers patches? And where is each found?
Filter toxins from the respiratory and digestive system
400
What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?
Antigens are proteins that can be recognized
Antibodies are proteins that fight disease
500
Describe two good things and two bad things related to inflammation
Bad: pain, redness, swelling, reduced movement
Good: more oxygen to area, more water to area, more WBC to area, faster healing
500
Describe what happens in our bodies when we get a vaccine.
Our bodies easily fight off the small form of the disease, but we get memory cells that help us if we ever get the actual disease.
500
Define "autoimmune disease" and give 2 examples of it.
Autoimmune diseases occur when our body attacks itself, because it can no longer recognize self/non-self.
Examples: multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus...
500
What does MALT stand for, and what organs are a part of it?
Describe 2 differences between B cells and T cells
B cells become immunocompetent in bone marrow (T cells in thymus)
B cells are involved in humoral immunity (T cells help with cellular immunity)
B cells clone into the same type
T cells clone in to three different types