Costanzo's Conundrums
DiGiovanni's Doozies
Vinnikova's Vengeance
Kothari's Karma
Muthusamy's Monsters
Terminal Question
Squid Game Round
(in case of a tie)
(in case of a tie)
100
This substance, which dilates afferent arterioles, is secreted in a person with volume overload
What is Atrial Natriuretric Peptide (ANP)?
100
This EKG change is characteristic for severe hypokalemia
What are U-waves?
100
Both high and low levels of this electrolyte can cause hypoparathyroidism
What is Magnesium?
100
This marker of kidney function is least influenced by muscle mass
What is cystatin C?
100
This glomerulonephritis is associated with mesangial hypercellularity and matrix expansion due to immune complex deposition
What is IgA nephropathy?
100
These diuretics have a known side effect of ototoxicity
What are loop diuretics?
200
A person with increased ADH, urine osmolarity of 80 mOsm/L and plama osmolarity of 310 mOsm/L has this disorder
What is Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus?
200
This diuretic is more likely to cause hyponatremia than hypernatremia
Thiazide diuretics
200
Elevated serum PTH level will have this effect on 1,25-hydroxylase activity
What is stimulation?
200
This class of antihypertensive agents is associated with hypokalemia and hypocalciuria
What are thiazide diuretics?
200
The pattern of glomerular injury on this picture is commonly associated with this viral infection
What is Hepatitis C?
200
pH of the depicted urine sample will be in this range
What is urine pH 7-9 (will accept very alkaline)
300
The nephron segment that reabsorbs Na+ through Na+ channels and reabsorbs urea by facilitated diffusion
What is Inner medullary collecting duct?
300
This condition will not show any change in urine osmolarity with water deprivation
What is Diabetes Insipidus?
300
This glomerular injury pattern is typical for both Diabetic Nephropathy and Renal Amyloidosis
What is Nodular Glomerulosclerosis?
300
This stage of HTN is defined as BP > 140/90 mm Hg
What is Stage 2 HTN?
300
This type of vasculitis is not associated with immune complex presence in the glomeruli
What is ANCA-associated vasculitis (Pauci-Immune GN)?
300
A urinalysis that is positive for blood yet shows no RBCs on microscopy is suggestive of this condition
What is rhabdomyolysis?
400
A person with chronic respiratory acidosis and a serum HCO3- of 24 mEq/L also has this acid-base disorder
What is Metabolic Acidosis?
400
This is the mechanism of hyperosmolar hyponatremia, like in hyperglycemic state
What is transcellular shift?
400
This cystic kidney disease occurs when ureteric bud never comes in contact with metanephric blastema during embryonic development
What is Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney?
400
This percentage is an appropriate level of BP reduction in the first hour of HTN emergency
What is 10-20%?
400
This characteristic of SUB-EPITHELIAL deposits will help you distinguish between membranous nephropathy and infection-associated GN?
What is the size of deposits compared to the thickness of the GBM?
400
Most common antibodies found in primary Membranous Nephropathy
What is PLA2R antibodies?
500
A person with hypercalcemia and a lumen-positive potential difference in thick ascending limb must have a defect in this receptor
What is calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)?
500
This acid-base disorder should be considered in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome, a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and urine pH of 6
What is Type I RTA (Distal RTA)?
500
This condition should be considered in a patient with sickle cell trait presenting with fever, flank pain, acute kidney injury and filling defects in renal collecting system by urography
What is Papillary Necrosis?
500
This finding on fundoscopic exam warrants ICU admission in a patient with blurred vision and BP 180/120
What is papilledema?
500
This biopsy finding is seen both in Minimal change disease and FSGS
What is podocyte foot process effacement?
500
Name any 4 manifestations of evil renal effects of NSAIDs
What are Prerenal AKI, Fluid retention, Worsening HTN, Acute Interstitial Nephritis, Ischemic Nephropathy, Hyponatremia, Analgesic Nephropathy and Minimal change disease? (will accept any 4)
500
This is the first line treatment for both severe hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia
What is intravenous Calcium Gluconate?