Oncological Emergencies
This condition is characterized by the destruction of tumor cells following chemotherapy and causes a release of potassium, phosphorous, and uric acid from cells into systemic circulation.
What is tumor lysis syndrome?
This regimen is indicated for high grade B-cell lymphomas, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), and low-risk Burkitt lymphoma.
What is R-EPOCH?
This drug is given to prevent viral infections.
What is acyclovir?
A 54-year-old male has just finished chemo one week ago now presents to the ED with nausea and vomiting. Signs and symptoms are a temperature of 38.4C, HR 115, RR 28, chills, confusion, and WBC of 1.2.
What is sepsis?
This drug is titrated up q30 minutes with vitals if patient has no sign of reaction.
What is rituximab?
The inadvertent administration of a vesicant solution/medication into surrounding tissue.
What is extravasation?
These are the two vesicant agents in R-CHOP.
What are doxorubicin and vincristine?
This PO antibiotic is given Monday-Wednesday-Friday to prevent PJP.
What is Bactrim?
A 60-year-old female with Multiple Myeloma is cycle 1 day 2 of Talquetamab. At 0800, her temperature is 39C, BP 84/52, and SpO2 88% on room air. She receives Tociliuzumab.
What is cytokine release syndrome (CRS)?
This drug is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) therapy used to treat small cell lung cancer.
What is Tarlatamab?
An immune-mediated response to an antigen or foreign substance that often presents rapidly and involves more than one system of the body. It can be life-threatening and occurs in approximately 5% of antineoplastic infusions.
What is anaphylaxis?
This drug can cause hemorrhagic cystitis, so IV hydration is often given before to prevent complications.
What is Cyclophosphamide?
This drug is given to diminish toxicity of Methotrexate.
What is leucovorin?
A 70-year-old female is cycle 1 day 2 Tarlatamab. She is found A&Ox0, unable to follow commands, nonverbal, but arousable. Her ICE score is 0.
What is Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS)?
This drug for multiple myeloma can cause mouth, skin, and nail adverse effects.
What is Talquetamab?
Excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from malignant tumors causes excessive water retention, dilutional hyponatremia, increased sodium excretion, and a high urine osmolality.
What is Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?
This drug is a folate antimetabolite and dietary restrictions include orange juice and dark cola until the medication has cleared the body.
What is methotrexate?
This drug is a bladder protectant given to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis.
What is mesna?
A 68-year-old male with multiple myeloma has been hospitalized for one week for a pathological fracture of his right femur. During report, you are told he has not been acting himself. Signs/symptoms include confusion, lethargy, excessive thirst, polyuria, poor appetite, Calcium 11.6, and albumin 3.1.
What is hypercalcemia?
This medication is commonly started inpatient in combination with Gem-Ox and given via syringe pump.
What is Glofitamab?
This complication is characterized by impaired venous blood and increased venous pressure from tumor compression or a thrombus obstructing blood return from the head and upper body causing venous congestion.
What is Superior Vena Cava (SVC) Syndrome?
This drug requires the patient to shower/bathe q8 hours due to its skin toxicities.
What is thiotepa?
This type of drug is given to prevent neutropenia following chemotherapy.
What is Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF)?
A 72-year-old male with multiple myeloma has been admitted for back pain which is constant and aching. Signs/symptoms: afebrile, back pain 9/10, impaired gait, shooting pain with movement, decreased sensation in the lower extremities, new bowel/bladder incontinence.
What is spinal cord compression?
This drug can cause skin toxicities such as pruritus, erythema, burning, tenderness, swelling, and blistering. Treatments for this side effect includes Atarax, Kenalog cream, and Cetirizine.
What is Kimmtrak (Tebentafusp)?