Carbs
What are two examples of carbohydrates?
Sugars and Starches
Identify the building block/monomer of a lipid.
Glycerol with Fatty acids
List 4 examples of proteins.
Antibodies, insulin, hemoglobin, and collagen
Provide two examples of nucleic acids.
DNA and RNA
What element makes organic molecules "organic"? It is the "life element."
Carbon
Identify the building block/monomer of a carbohydrate.
Monosaccharide
Identify 5 examples of lipids.
Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, waxes, oils
Which biological molecule transport substances between cells?
Proteins
Identify the building block/monomer of a nucleic acid.
Nucleotides
How many covalent bonds can one carbon atom form with other atoms?
4
What is the name of the carbohydrate that is structural component of cell walls?
Cellulose
What is the function of a lipid? How does its function differ from a carbohydrate?
Lipids store long-term energy, whereas carbohydrates provide quick energy.
List example of bodily functions that proteins help carry out.
Proteins help with muscle contraction, immune response, speed up reactions, and transporting substances
Identify the components of a nucleotide.
Phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base
What is the difference between a polymer and a monomer?
A monomer is a single unit, while a polymer is a long chain made of multiple monomers.
What are two examples of disaccharides?
sucrose, lactose, maltose
How can you tell the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats have single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds. Saturated fats are solid at room temperature while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
What type of bond hold proteins together?
Peptide bonds
What is the function of a nucleic acid?
Storing and transmitting genetic information in the form of a code
Carbohydrates and lipids are made up of the same elements. Name the elements and describe the difference in their structure.
Both contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but lipids have fewer oxygen atoms relative to carbon
How are cellulose and chitin similar?
Why does a lipid help with waterproofing?
Lipids are hydrophobic, so they repel water making them effective at waterproofing.
How does a protein relate to a polypeptide chain?
A protein is made up of one or more polypeptide chains, which are long chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
What are the other names for macromolecules?
Carbon-based molecules, Biomolecules, Organic molecules
What are the three shapes carbon compounds can be found in?
Straight chains, branched chains, and rings