Category 1
Molecules that carry the instructions for building and maintaining your body
DNA
These molecules store energy for your body, like sugar for quick energy or starch for longer-lasting fuel.
Carbohydrates
Fat molecules store energy for long-term use and also insulate your organs.
Lipids
They build and repair tissues, transport molecules, and even act as enzymes to speed up reactions.
Proteins
What element is considered the backbone of molecules
Carbon
True or false:Sugars can build upon themselves to become other molecules
True
True or False: Sugars are always readily available in the plant
False
Is this statement true or false: Polysaccharides are synthesized by the polymerization of monosaccharides only
True
True or false: Sugars are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
True
True or False: Sugars spontaneously break down
False
How can sugars be used to build large molecules
Sugars build up on themselves
What are the roles that both Carbohydrates and lipids play in energy?
Carbohydrates are short term and Lipids are long term energy
Which is used in breaking and forming macromolecules?
Chemical bonds
How are Macromolecules formed?
Chemical reaction
What are the three elements that make up all macromolecules?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What are precursor molecules
It's a molecule that comes before another molecule in a metabolic pathway, transforming to create the final product
Examples:
Amino Acids= Proteins
Proteins are the most __________ organic molecule in living systems and the most __________ in structure and function.
abundant, diverse
What are the three types of Lipids
Fats and Oils
Steroids
Waxes
What is the main function of lipids
Long term energy storage
What do mono, di, and poly mean?
Mono=1
Di=2
Poly=Many
What is the difference between saturated, unsaturated fats and polyunsaturated
Single bond (saturated fats)
Double bond (unsaturated fats)
Multiple double bonds (polyunsaturated fats)
Give three examples of Monosaccharides
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
What are the mnemonics to remember for Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids?
CHO, CHO, CHON, CHONP
What are the two types of Nucleic Acids?
DNA and RNA
What is the by-product of Dehydration synthesis?
Water