Functions
Which macromolecule is the body's main source of quick energy?
Carbohydrates
Which of the macromolecules contains the elements C, H, O and often has a ring-shaped structure?
Carbohydrates
What is the monomer or building block of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
What is the function of phospholipids?
To form the cell membrane of cells
What property of water causes water molecules to stick together?
Cohesion
Which macromolecule is used to help build and repair muscle tissues and also function as enzymes?
Proteins
Which of the macromolecules is composed of the elements C, H, and O and has a structure that includes a head and tail?
Lipids
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino Acid
A bear stores large amounts of fat before hibernation. Which function of lipids does this demonstrate?
Long term energy storage and/or insulation
Which property of water allows cells to dissolve different substances and transport nutrients into the cell as needed?
Universal Solvent
Which macromolecule is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information?
Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
This macromolecule may also be called a disaccharide or polysaccharide.
Carbohydrate
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
Cellulose
Water is a polar molecule, what does this mean?
It has unevenly distributed charges, the hydrogen is positive and the oxygen is negative.
Which macromolecule helps to speed up chemical reactions in cells?
Proteins (enzymes)
Proteins are made of amino acids linked together to form long chains. What type of bond connects amino acids?
Peptide Bond
What two portions make up the monomer of a lipid?
Glycerol Head and Fatty Acid Chain
Cholesterol is an example of which macromolecule?
Cholesterol
On a hot summer day, the water in a lake changes temperature much more slowly than the nearby sand. 1. Which property of water explains this? 2. Why is this important to support life?
High Heat Capacity
An organism needs a molecule that can provide instructions for making proteins and pass hereditary information to offspring. Which macromolecule performs this function?
Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
Which macromolecule contains a phosphate group, a nitrogen base, and a sugar?
Nucleic Acids
An unknown molecule is broken down into units including an amino group, an R side chain, and a carboxyl group. Based on these observations, what macromolecules group does this molecule belong to?
Protein (this is the structure of an amino acid)
Lactase helps to break down lactose in the digestive system. Lactase belongs to which macromolecule group?
Proteins (enzyme)
Why is it important to support life that solid water (ice) is less dense than liquid water?
To help ice to float over aquatic animals, creating an insulating layer that protects life during cold weather.