Proteins
What is the monomer for proteins?
amino acids
What are the monomers of nucleic acid?
nucleotides
The monomer of carbohydrates.
What are monosaccharides?
What are the two major parts of a lipid?
glycerol with fatty acid chains.
What are the monomers of the macromolecule for lactase?
What are peptide bonds?
the bonds between amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain
What are the elements that make up nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
What is the major function of carbohydrates?
short term energy
What is saturated lipid (fat)?
a lipid that has only single bonds and is solid at room temperature.
Ex: animal fat, lard, butter
What is needed to start a chemical reaction?
activation energy
What is a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions.
Enzymes
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
phosphate group, sugar, and a nitrogenous base
What are monosaccharides?
glucose, fructose and galactose.
What are two major functions of a lipid?
- long term energy (stored energy)
- cell membrane
temperature, pH, concentration
What is function of proteins?
provide cells with structure
control reaction rates (enzymes)
transport substances (hemaglobin)
Name two polymers (examples) of nucleic acids:
DNA and RNA
What are polysaccharides?
starch, glycogen, cellulose
What elements are found in lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Describe the dependent variable in an experiment?
the dependent variable is what is measured
dependent variable is on the y-axis
What do enzymes do?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy
they often end in " -ase "
How many differenct amino acids are there?
20
What is the storage unit of carbohydrates in animals?
What is the storage unit of carbohydrates in plants?
animals=glycogen (stores excess carbs in the liver)
plants=starch
What are other functions of lipids?
insulation, make up cell membrane,
waterproofing , long term energy storage
These lipids are found in the cell membrane.
What are phosphlipids?