Carbs
Protein
Fats
Miscellaneous
Food for thought
100
Carbohydrates are broken down into this for absorption and energy.
What is glucose?
100
These are the building blocks of protein.
What are amino acids?
100
Dietary fats are broken down into these by the body.
What are fatty acids?
100
This is the body's main source of fuel and energy.
What is carbs/glucose?
100
Pasta and potatoes are good food sources of which type of carbohydrate?
Starches (polysaccharaides)
200
Sucrose, Lactose and Maltose are all examples of this type of carbohydrate.
What are disaccharides?
200
These are 9 amino acids that your body cannot make. We must get these from food.
25 pt bonus: Name them
What are essential amino acids?
25 pt bonus: Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Threonine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan and Valine
200
These are the three categories of lipids
What are triglycerides, phospholipids and sterols
200
This is the body's main building block of growth and repair.
What is protein?
200
Butter and lard are examples of food sources of this type of lipid.
What is saturated fat?
300
The carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of plant cells (providing structure) and is indigestible to humans.
5 pt Bonus: The common name for this carbohydrate is...
What is Cellulose?
5 pt Bonus: What is Fiber?
300
Proteins form this structure, whose purpose is to break apart and put together other compounds in the body.
10 pt Bonus: Name two of these structures and what they build/break?
What are Enzymes?
10 pt Bonus:
Amylase- breaks down starch
Sucrase- breaks down sucrose
Lactase- breaks down Lactose
Pepsin- breaks down proteins
Trypsin- breaks down proteins
Lipase- breaks down fats
300
This type of fatty acid has no double bonds.
What is a saturated fatty acid
300
Too little of this nutrient can cause constipation.
What is fiber (complex carbohydrates)?
300
The "wise fat" approach to including fats in one's diet suggests the following...
Not to eliminate ALL fats, but to avoid trans and saturated fats in favor of unsaturated fats.
400
The 3 elements that make up carbohydrates are...
What are Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen?
400
The name of the process that describes the cycle of breaking down proteins to their basic building blocks to be used to make new proteins for the body.
What is Protein turnover?
400
The following picture is an example of which category of Lipid.
What is a sterol?
400
This nutrient helps to make essential hormones such as growth hormone and insulin
What is protein?
400
This type of fat is used to improve the texture and shelf life of foods.
What is a trans fat?
500
Glycogen is the form of glucose that is stored in which parts of the body?
Liver and Muscle tissue
500
Describe the levels of organization of protein structures.
Primary: The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
Secondary: the folding of the polypeptide chain into twists/coils or pleats/folds
Tertiary: The 3-D folding of the secondary structures to create a larger structure.
Quarternary: Only applies to some proteins- the clumping together of multiple smaller protein units to create an even larger structure.
500
Omega-3 and Omega-6 are two examples of what type of fatty acid?
50 pt BONUS: where is the first double bond for each of these fatty acids?
What are essential unsaturated fatty acids?
50 pt Bonus: 3 cabons from the end, and 6 carbons from the end.
500
The form of transport across a cell membrane requires NO use of ATP (i.e. requires no use of energy)
What is Osmosis?
(the free-flowing of particles across a cell membrane)
500
The need to eat is supported by these physical laws.
10 pt Bonus: What do these laws state?
What are the laws of conservation of matter and energy?
10 pt Bonus: Which states that "matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed"