Structure
Which macronutrient contains nitrogen?
Protein
Which macronutrient is stored in the body for energy?
Fat
Where does the majority of protein digestion occur?
Stomach
Vegetable oils are ______ fats, and are typically liquid at room temperature because their structure is bent.
Unsaturated
Ketosis can occur from an extremely low intake of which macronutrient?
Carbohydrates
What kind of lipid makes up cell membranes?
Phospholipids
Which macronutrient is not able to be stored in the body?
Protein
What kind of carbohydrate passes through the GI tract undigested?
Fiber
Whole grain products are preferred over refined grains because they contain _____.
Fiber
What macronutrient helps to make foods taste tender?
Fat
What two monosaccharides is sucrose composed of?
Glucose + Fructose
What is the primary energy source used by the brain?
Glucose
What enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into simple sugars?
Amylase
Red beans and rice is an example of a _______ because it combines 2 plant sources of protein.
Complementary protein
What kind of protein is needed to create skin, nails, and hair?
Collagen
The monosaccharides in fiber are linked by ____ bonds.
Beta
What is the name of the process used to create glucose from protein when there is not enough carbs in the diet?
Gluconeogenesis
What organ releases bicarbonate to neutralize the hydrochloric acid of the stomach?
Pancreas
Fatty fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts are good sources of what kind of essential fat?
Omega 3
What hormone stimulates release of glycogen from the liver when there is not enough glucose in the body?
Glucagon
What is the name for the highly-branched storage form of glucose in plants?
Amylopectin
What macronutrient is used to transport Vitamins A, D, E, and K throughout the body?
Fat/Lipids
What lipoprotein is responsible for carrying triglycerides throughout the body to be used?
VLDL (very low density lipoprotein)
What kind of fiber is found in the skin of fruits and vegetables?
Cellulose
Egg yolks contain lecithin, which acts as a(n) _______ when making mayonnaise.