Chemical Bonding
How many covalent bonds does oxygen (O2) have?
Water has two single covalent bonds
Below is an incorrect orbital diagram for oxygen (O).
Identify which principle is being violated and explain why.
1s: ↑↓
2s:↑↓
2p:↑↓ ↑ ↑
2p: ↑ ↑ ↑↓
Draw a Bohr diagram for Lithium (Li). How many electrons go in the 1st shell and 2nd shell?
(Li) has 3 Electrons → 2 in the first shell, 1 in the second
Bohr diagram: 2e- inner ring, 1e- outer ring
What is the Ring of Fire, and why does it have so many earthquakes and volcanoes?
A zone around the Pacific Ocean with many active volcanoes and earthquakes due to tectonic plate boundaries
A chemical reaction feels cold to the touch and absorbs heat from the surroundings. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic
The reaction absorbs heat, making it feel cold
How many covalent bonds are in Ch4 (methane)?
Has 4 single covalent bonds
What is the noble-gas electron configuration for Mg
(atomic number 12)
[Ne] 3s2
Write the isotope notation for carbon with mass number 14.
(Atomic number of carbon = 6)
146C
or written as: Carbon -14
Using a map key, how can you tell the type of plate boundary at a specific location?
By looking at the symbols or colors on the map that represent divergent, convergent, or transform boundaries
Using the metric staircase, convert 4,500 mL to L.
You move 3 steps left: milli → base unit.
What ionic compound forms between magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O)?
MgO, made of Mg 2+ and O 2-
What is the noble-gas configuration for S
(atomic number 16)
S [Ne] 3s2 3p4
Draw the Bohr diagram for Phosphorus (P).
How many electrons are in each shell?
P has 15 electrons →
•1st shell:2
• 2nd shell: 8
• 3rd shell: 5
In the Oreo cookie plate tectonics lab, what did the cream filling represent, and what did twisting the cookie simulate?
The cream filling represented the mantle and twisting the cookie simulated tectonic plate movement at boundaries
A rock has a mass of 250 g and a volume of 50 mL. What is it?
(250 ÷ 50 = 5)
What ionic compound forms between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)
NaCl, made of Na+ and Cl-
Write the full electron configuration for F
(atomic number 9)
F: 1s2 2s2 2p5
A balloon has a volume of 2.0 L at 300 K.
If the temperature increases to 450 K, what is the new volume?
2.0 L x (450/300)
= 3.0 L
What are the three main types of plate boundaries described in the plate tectonic foldable?, and what movement occurs at each?
Divergent: plates move apart
Convergent: plates collide
Transform: plates slide past each other
Which three things make up the Fire Triangle, the factors needed for a wildfire to burn?
Heat, Fuel, and Oxygen
What Ion does aluminum (AI) form?
Forms the ion AI3
Write the full configuration for Ca
(atomic number 20)
Ca: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2
A gas has a volume of 5.0 L at 1.2 atm.
If the pressure increases to 1,0 atm, what is the new volume?
=(1.2 atm x 5.0 L) / 3.0 atm
= 2.0 L
What is the difference between a physical property and a chemical property of matter?
Physical property: Can be observed without charging the substance (e.g., color, mass)
A solid absorbs enough energy to break its particle bonds and become a liquid. What type of energy change is this?
Melting requires absorbing energy